Etymologie, Étymologie, Etymology
UK Vereinigtes Königreich (Großbritannien u. Nordirland), Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande du Nord, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Zahlen, Nombres, Numbers

A

B

baker's dozen

(E?)(L?) http://www.owad.de/archive.html
(E1)(L1) http://www.wordsmith.org/awad/
(E6)(L1) http://www.dingbatpages.com/bakers.html
= "Dreizehn".
Es gibt eine Nikolaus-Geschichte um einen Bäcker, der durch leidvolle Erfahrung lernen musste, dass er, wenn er dreizehn Teile für "ein Dutzend" gibt, seine Kunden glücklich macht. Und natürlich auch mehr verkauft.

= thirteen
In the Middle Ages in England there were severe penalties for anyone who gave short weight. Bakers were often uneducated and unable to count. To guard against miscounting twelve as eleven they habitually gave thirteen loaves when selling a dozen.

Bicycle (W3)

Lat. "bi" = [zwei] und griech. "kyklos" = [Kreis, Rad], also Zweirad.
(A: roge)

C

catch-22 (W3)

(E1)(L1) http://www.takeourword.com/
(E1)(L1) http://www.word-detective.com/
(E1)(L1) http://www.wordorigins.org/
(E1)(L1) http://www.wordsmith.org/awad/
(E1)(L1) http://www.yourdictionary.com/cgi-bin/wotdarch.cgi
= "a dilemma from which there is no escape" = "Zwickmühle"; comes from the title of a 1961 novel by Joseph Heller;

In Joseph Hellers Roman geht es darum, dass die Hauptfigur - Captain Yossarian - aus dem Kriegsdienst bei einer amerikanischen Bombenstaffel im Italien des Zweiten Weltkriegs entlassen werden will, weil er verrückt sei. Er führt die "verrücktesten" Dinge auf, um entlassen zu werden, aber er wird immer wieder in Bombereinsätze geschickt. Argument des Militärarztes: "Wer sich von diesem Krieg drücken will, kann nicht verrückt sein!" daher kriegsdiensttauglich!
(A: roge)

D

doyen

the senior, most experienced member of a group
German Translation: der Rangälteste (ein Rangältester), der Wortführer
Doyen is from French, from Late Latin decanus, "leader or chief of ten persons," from decem, "ten."
Hierher gehört auch der Dezember, der ursprünglich der 10te Monat war.

E

F

G

googol

(E?)(L?) http://www.googol.com/
an incredibly large number
There are not even a googol atoms in the entire visible universe! The Earth has a mass of 10^27 grams or so. A proton weighs 10^-24 grams, so right there we only have 10^51 protons in the Earth. The Sun has 10^54 protons, and if there are 100 billion galaxies each with 100 billion stars, you only get 10^73 protons in the visible universe.
A googol is 10^100.
A googol is a very large number that is expressed in numerals as one followed by one hundred zeroes.
Etymology:
"Googol" proves that a nine-year-old can have big ideas. In the late 1930s, American mathematician Edward Kasner (1878-1955) was working on calculations using an enormous number: 10, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000.
Kasner thought it would be easier to talk about that gigantic number if it had a name, so he asked his nine-year-old nephew, Milton Sirotta, what he should call it. Milton came up with "googol". Kasner liked the name and started using it, and before long other mathematicians and the general public had picked it up too.
(aus dem Newsletter von www.owad.de)

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

nine - to be on cloud nine

(E?)(L?) http://www.neun.de/
= "to be very happy" (wunschlos glücklich)
stammt aus der Zeit, in der der US-Wetterdienst die Wolken in neun Kategorien eingeteilt hatte. Und Nr. 9 waren die höchsten Wolken.
The term comes from meteorologists (weather experts) who will tell you that the highest clouds are about eight miles high. To be on cloud nine means to be even higher, and therefore ecstatically happy.
- to be over the moon
- to be in seventh heaven
In America you may hear the term, to be "on cloud seven" which means to be in a narcotic trance or "on a high".

nine to five

(E?)(L?) http://www.barrypopik.com/article/1246/from-nine-to-five
= "9:00-17:00h"; these are the typical office hours; A "nine to five" attitude is a "work ethic which is not very strong" = "keinen Strich mehr als notwendig".

Number (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number


O

one, eins (W3)

Im "Appendix I - Indo-European Roots" erfährt man, welche Wörter zur Verwandschaft von engl. "one". dt. "eins" gehören. Als Urahn wird ein ie. "oi-no-" angenommen.

Daraus leiten sich ab: (Pokorny 3. D. e- 281.)

(E1)(L1) http://www.bartleby.com/61/roots/IE357.html


P

Pentathlon

(E?)(L?) http://www.yourdictionary.com/


Q

Quarantine (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://fun-with-words.com/etym_example.html
n. Any forced stoppage of travel or communication on account of malignant, contagious disease, on land or by sea.
From the French "quarante" = "forty". Adding the suffix "-aine" to French numbers gives a degree of roughness to the figure, so quarantaine means about forty. Originally when a ship arriving in port was suspected of being infected with a malignant, contagious disease, its cargo and crew were obliged to forego all contact with the shore for a period of around "forty days". This term came to be known as period of "quarantine".

R

S

second (W3)

Das engl. "second" = "zweit" geht zurück auf lat. "insequi" = "folgen", "verfolgen", das sich zusammen setzt aus "in" = "auf" und "sequi" = "folgen", was also "folgen auf" ergibt. Der "zweite" ist also derjenige, der auf den "ersten" folgt.

Diese Eigenschaft findet man auch in engl. "sequence", dt. "Sequenz" = "Folge", "Aufeinanderfolge".

Weitere Verwandte sind engl. "subsequent" = "folgend", "nachfolgend", dt. "konsequent" = (wörtlich:) "mit folgen"

Am interessantesten finde ich, dass man lat. " sequi" auch in engl. "sign" = "Zeichen" findet, demjenigen, dem man "folgt".

Und

(E1)(L1) http://www.alphadictionary.com/goodword/word/ensue


sixes and sevens, at

means "to be in a state of confusion" = "schwimmen", "völlig durcheinander sein". It comes from games of dice.

sixty-four thousand dollar question

Originally it was 64 dollar, the top prize in a US radio quiz show of the 1940s.

T

third place, troisième âge (W3)

Der "dritte Platz" könnte im Deutsche etwa als "dritte Welt" wiedergegeben werden - wenn dieser Begriff nicht schon belegt wär; und "dritter Lebensbereich" ist zu unhandlich. Und so wäre es nicht verwunderlich, wenn "third place" auch bei uns Einzug erhalten würde.
Der Begriff bezeichntet den dritten Lebensbereich neben Heim und Beruf, in dem man Entspannung finden und sich als Teil einer Gemeinschaft empfinden kann. Der Soziologe Ray Oldenburg brachte 1990 ein Buch mit dem Titel "The Great Good Place" heraus. Der Untertitel hiess: "Cafes, Coffee Shops, Community Centers, Beauty Parlors, General Stores, Bars, Hangouts and How They Get You Through The Day." Den Wink nahmen einige Institutionen auf und nannten sich "Third Place Coffeehouse", "Third Place Bookstor" usw. Im Jahr 2002 veröffentlichte Oldenburg ein weiteres Buch "Celebrating the Third Place: Inspiring Stories About the "Great Good Places" at the Heart of Our Communities".

In Frankreich gibt es dafür den Begriff "le troisième âge" = "das Alter", "Lebensabend", "Ruhestand".

three-dog-night

Eine Nacht, die so elend kalt ist, daß man "drei Hunde" braucht, um sich so einigermaßen warmzuhalten, heisst eben "three-dog-night".

Triskaidekaphobia

(E?)(L?) http://www.yourdictionary.com/
[tris-kê-de-kê-'fo-bee-yê] = Fear of the number "13."
Etymology: Greek treiskaideka "thirteen", based on treis "three" + kai "and" + deka "ten" + New Latin phobia "fear". The PIE word for "three" is well preserved in all Indo-European languages: German "drei", French "trois", Russian tri, Sanskrit "tri", Greek "tria", whence "triad", Scandinavian "tre", Spanish "tres", Romany "trin". The name of the "trillium", with its triplets of leaves, seems to derive from Swedish trilling "triplet". Latin decem, Greek deka "ten" and English "ten" also share the same origin, for the English form derives via Germanic *tehan, a normal reduction of PIE *dekem (with [m] becoming [n]). The same original root gave us "dime", "dozen", "decimate", and "December", which once was the 10th month.

triskaidekaphobia

(E?)(L?) http://www.owad.de/
= "fear of the number 13" = "Angst vor der Nummer 13"
This difficult to pronounce word is ideal for today, Friday December 13th (2002) - using it will certainly impress your friends.
"TRISKAIDEKAPHOBIA" means an irrational fear of the number 13. - The word was first found in print in 1911 and is formed from Greek "treiskaideka", "triskaideka" = "thirteen" ("treis" = "three" + "kai" = "and" + "deka" = "ten") + "phobos" = "fear".
There are many theories about the origin of "triskaidekaphobia" - here's a plausible one: In medieval Christian countries the number 13 came to be considered unlucky because there were 13 persons at the Last Supper of Christ.
Fridays are also unlucky, because the Crucifixion was on a Friday. Hence a Friday falling on the thirteenth day would be regarded as especially unlucky.

U

V

W

X

Y

Z