Etymologie, Étymologie, Etymology
US Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika, les États-Unis d'Amérique, The United States of America (USA)
Allgemein, en général, in general

weltalmanach - Landes-Name in den Amtssprachen der Staaten der Welt

(E?)(L1) http://iate.europa.eu/
(E?)(L?) http://www.geonames.de/couus.html
(E?)(L1) http://www.weltalmanach.de/

Amtssprache 			Kurzform			Langform
Afrikaans			???				???
Aimará				???				???
Albanisch			???				???
Amharisch			???				???
Arabisch				???				???
Armenisch			???				???
Aserbaidschanisch (Azeri)	???				???
Baskisch				???				???
Bengalisch			???				???
Birmanisch			???				???
Bislama				???				???
Bosnisch				???				???
Bulgarisch			???				???
Chichewa				???				???
Chinesisch			???				???
Chinesisch (Putonghua)		???				???
Dänisch				???				???
Dari				???				???
Deutsch				???				???
Dzongkha				???				???
Englisch				???				???
Estnisch				???				???
Ewe				???				???
Finnisch				???				???
Französisch			???				???
Friesisch			???				???
Galicisch			???				???
Georgisch			???				???
Gilbertesisch			???				???
Griechisch			???				???
Guaraní				???				???
Hebräisch			???				???
Hindi				???				???
Hiri Motu			???				???
Inonesisch (bahasa Indonesia)	???				???
Irisch				???				???
Isländisch			???				???
Italienisch			???				???
Japanisch			???				???
Kabyé				???				???
Kasachisch			???				???
Katalanisch			???				???
Ketschua				???				???
Khmer				???				???
Kinyarwanda			???				???
Kirgisisch			???				???
Kirundi				???				???
Komorisch			???				???
Koreanisch			???				???
Kreolisch			???				???
Kroatisch			???				???
Laotisch				???				???
Latein				???				???
Lettisch				???				???
Letzebuergisch			???				???
Litauisch			???				???
Madagassisch			???				???
Malaiisch (Bahasa Malaysia)	???				???
Maldivisch (Dhivehi)		???				???
Maltesisch			???				???
Maori				???				???
Mazedonisch			???				???
Moldauisch			???				???
Mongolisch			???				???
Nauruisch			???				???
Ndebele				???				???
Nepalesisch			???				???
Niederländisch			???				???
Nordsotho			???				???
Norwegisch			???				???
Palauisch			???				???
Paschtu				???				???
Persisch (Farsi)			???				???
Pilipino (Tagalog)		???				???
Polnisch				???				???
Portugiesisch			???				???
Rätoromanisch (Rumantsch)	???				???
Rumänisch			???				???
Russisch				???				???
Samoanisch			???				???
Sango				???				???
Schwedisch			???				???
Serbisch				???				???
Sesotho				???				???
Setswana				???				???
Singhalesisch			???				???
Siswati (IsiZulu)		???				???
Slowakisch			???				???
Slowenisch			???				???
Somali				???				???
Spanisch				???				???
Südsotho				???				???
Suva				???				???
Swahili				???				???
Swati				???				???
Tadschikisch			???				???
Tamil				???				???
Tetum				???				???
Thailändisch			???				???
Tigrinya				???				???
Tok Pisin (Pidgin-Englisch)	???				???
Tongaisch			???				???
Tschechisch			???				???
Tsonga				???				???
Türkisch				???				???
Turkmenisch			???				???
Tuvaluisch			???				???
Ukrainisch			???				???
Ungarisch			???				???
Urdu				???				???
Usbekisch			???				???
Venda				???				???
Vietnamesisch			???				???
Weißrussisch			???				???
Xhosa				???				???
Zulu				???				???

Englisch besitzt eine Rechtschreibung, die den mittelenglischen Lautstand aus etwa dem14.Jh. widergibt.

A

akimbo

sitting with arms folded = mit den Armen in die Seite gestemmt
'Akimbo' is one of the strangest words in the English language.
John Ciardi gave this vivid definition of 'akimbo': 'With hands on hips and elbows sharply bent outwards, a body posture indicating impatience, hostility or contempt.'
One of the odd things about 'akimbo' is that, strictly speaking, the word only applies to this 'hands on hips' stance, although metaphorical uses are occasionally seen, such as 'legs akimbo'.
The origins of 'akimbo' are a bit obscure, but it most likely comes from the Old Norse 'i keng boginn,' meaning 'bent in a curve' (the Norse 'bogi' is also the source of our 'bow'). The phrase entered English around 1400 as 'in kenebow,' and then spent the next few hundred years mutating through forms such as 'on kenbow,' 'a kimbow,' 'a kenbo' and 'a-kimbo' until it finally arrived at its modern hyphenless 'akimbo' form.
(Source: Evan Morris in Word detective)

allmidwest

(E?)(L?) http://www.allmidwest.org/
"What is this place, the American Midwest?" "How did it become what it is?" and "What does it mean to be Midwestern?"

American Memory

(E?)(L?) http://memory.loc.gov/
is a gateway to rich primary source materials relating to the history and culture of the United States. The site offers more than 7 million digital items from more than 100 historical collections.

ANC - American National Corpus

(E?)(L?) http://americannationalcorpus.org/
"The first release of 10 million words of the ANC corpus is scheduled for mid-fall. The corpus will be annotated for part of speech and include a "base set" of tools for search and extraction, a preliminary version of the access tools that will provided with the final corpus. A password-protected web interface for testing the tools on a sub-set of the data is expected to be accessible to ANC Consortium members at the end of this month. (12.2002)
So far, we have acquired about 2 million words of spoken data (the LDC Switchboard corpus and a portion of the CallHome corpus), 1.5 million words of previously un-released newspaper data from the New York Times, a few hundred thousand words of "ephemera" (pamphlets, newletters, etc.), and several novels published by Oxford University Press USA. We expect to receive substantially more data from the contributing consortium members to include in the first release, including not only fiction and journals but also various Berlitz Travel Guides (Langenscheidt) and technical manuals from Microsoft and IBM. We are also negotiating to acquire research papers from the Association for Computational Linguistics and articles from the IBM Research Journal."
Scott

B

besttoilets

(E?)(L?) http://www.besttoilets.com/
Amerikanische Toilettensuchmaschine

C

census - factfinder

(E?)(L?) http://factfinder.census.gov/
American FactFinder for Population, Housing, economic data, geographic data

Century Dictionary

(E?)(L?) http://216.156.253.178/CENTURY
An Encyclopedic Lexikon of the English Language. Hrsg.v. W.D. Whitney, New York 1889-1909. 12 Bde.

cmu

(E?)(L?) http://english.cmu.edu/pittsburghspeech
Carnegie Mellon University: resource for students and members of the general public interested in the speech of the Pittsburgh area. The information on this website is based on research by Barbara Johnstone, Professor of Linguistics and Rhetoric at Carnegie Mellon University, and Scott F. Kiesling, Assistant Professor of Linguistics at the University of Pittsburgh. Johnstone and Kiesling are sociolinguists who are studying the speech of the Pittsburgh area. The site was designed by students at Carnegie Mellon University.

colvilletribes

(E?)(L?) http://www.colvilletribes.com/
Die Colville Tribes Official Website informiert über Indianer in Nord-Amerika.

csupomona

(E?)(L?) http://www.csupomona.edu/~jasanders/slang
The College Slang Page

curfew

= German Translation: das Ausgehverbot, die Ausgangssperre
- a regulation requiring that people leave the streets and remain at home
Etymology: Curfew orignates from the practice in medieval times to ring a bell at fixed time in the evening as an order to bank the hearths (die Feuerstellen) and prepare for sleep. Hence the original order was a call to couvre feu which is French for cover fire, which was corrupted into curfew.

D

E

F

FuckedCompany

(E?)(L?) http://www.FuckedCompany.com/
US-Angebot, das seit dem Sommer 2000 den Niedergang der amerikanischen New Economy mit Galgenhumor und internen Informationen begleitet

G

geocities

(E?)(L?) http://geocities.com/richston2/lang99/skt.htm
English Words Derived from Sanskrit - Etymologies of 250+ English words claimed to be derived from Sanskrit. Suggested intermediary languages are included in order to elucidate the proposed relationship.

geocities

(E?)(L?) http://www.geocities.com/SoHo/Studios/9783/word.html
a page dedicated to words

H

hi-america

(E?)(L?) http://www.hi-america.de/

I

@m-geschi

Indianer

(E?)(L1) http://www.indianer.de/
mit Lexikon

Fachwissen
Stämme
Indianer = Indianer
Mythologie
Probleme heute
Indianer-Typen
Wie Indianer wohnen
Lanze, Speer u.ä.
Transportmittel
Die Rolle der Frau
indianische Erziehung
indianische Spiele
indianische Küche
Heilkräuter
Das Medizinrad
Weisheiten
Wintercounts
Indianer u.d. Alkohol
Chief Joseph
Der Widerstand
Wounded Knee
Die Parkers
Lexika
Seqouyas Alphabet
historische Photos
Galerie
indianer heute
Impressionen
Wußten Sie das?
Links
Bemalung und Verzierung an Zelten der Prärieindianer
Das bevorzugte Kind der Prärieindianer
Das Sioux-Quillwork
Die Rolle der Siouxfrau bei der Herstellung zeremon. Objekte
Bevor wir den Bison jagden
Der Südosten
Der Südwesten
Kalifonien
Die Plains
Plateau / Gr.Becken
Der Nordosten
Die Nordwestküste
subarktische Region
Einleitung
Sprachgruppen
Wirtschaftsformen
Kulturzonen
Familie Sippe usw.
Aheauwen und das Mädchen
Ein teuflischer Tanzmeister
Von den Kanben der die Sonne mit einer Schlinge einfing
Der Wolfstock
Der kleine Mäuserisch
Indianerpolitik in den USA
Lebensbedingungen der Indianer in der USA
Die Apachen und der Mount Graham
Zwangsumsiedlung am Big Mountain
Die Havasupai
die Hüter des Grand Canyon
Porträits
andere Bilder

J

K

kalispeltribe

(E?)(L?) http://www.kalispeltribe.com/
Die Kalispel Tribe-Website informiert über Indianer in Nord-Amerika.

krauts

jerries oder 'krauts' wurden die Deutschen im Zweiten Weltkrieg von den Engländern genannt. 'Kraut' kommt vom Sauerkraut, klar, 'Jerry' war das amerikanische Kurzwort für die 'Germans'.

L

like

(E?)(L?) http://www.phillyburbs.com/couriertimes/news/news/0905likinglike.htm
Like, wow: Linguist stands up for 'like'
A Temple University linguist says there's a lot to like about "like".
PHILADELPHIA (AP) - This is, like, way cool.

loc - American Memory

(E?)(L?) http://memory.loc.gov/

M

N

O

one-liner

a clever or amusing single-line remark or joke
= Eine weise oder witzige, kurze Aussage
Did you know?
The phrase 'one-liner' began life in the 19th century when journalists were paid by the line, a practice which encouraged flowery and exaggerated language.
Nowadays, we use the term quite differently. A 'one-liner' is a short, amusing remark or statement.

Here are a few more one-liners to get you into a weekend mood :)

We are born naked, wet and hungry. Then things get worse. Friends help you move. Real friends help you move bodies. "Very funny, Scotty. Now beam down my clothes." I want to die peacefully, in my sleep, like my grandfather, not screaming, terrified, like his passengers. He was as confused as a baby in a topless bar. A day for firm decisions! Or is it? Always proofread carefully to see if you any words out. He was busier than a 1-legged man in an ass-kicking contest. But I forgot all about the Amnesia Conference!! Confucius say: I didn't say that! Confucius say: Those who quote me are fools. Death is life's way of telling you you've been fired. Does the name Pavlov ring a bell? Don't look at me in that tone of voice! Drink wet cement, and get completely stoned. Eagles may soar but mice aren't sucked into jet engines! Everyone has photographic memory...some don't have film! Did you hear about the man who lost his whole left side? He's all right now. (Zitiert aus einem Newsletter von "one word a day")

orchidweb - The American Orchid Society

(E?)(L?) http://orchidweb.org/

OWAD - One Word A Day

(E?)(L?) http://www.owad.de/archive.html
The OWAD Archive
Die Wörter aus dem täglichen Newsletter mit etymologischen Erklärungen gibt es hier im Archiv.

P

plumbdesign

(E?)(L?) http://www.plumbdesign.com/macro.cfm?ArticleID=25/
Vocabulary - The Plumb Design Visual Thesaurus is an exploration of sense relationships within the English language. By clicking on words, you follow a thread of meaning, creating a spatial map of linguistic associations. The Visual Thesaurus was built using Thinkmap™, a data-animation technology developed by Plumb Design.

us-securi

policescanner

(E?)(L?) http://www.policescanner.com/
Hier gibt's den Funkverkehr von Polizei und Feuerwehr in amerikanischen Großstädten. - Interessant ist eine Liste mit Übersetzungen der Polizei-Codes.

psa-international - BRITISH-AMERICAN Misunderstandings

(E?)(L?) http://www.usa-now.psa-international.de/
Im Zusammenhang mit sprachlischen Entwicklungen ist auch interessant, welche unterschiedlichen Entwicklungen die englische Sprache in England und den USA erfährt.
Oscar Wilde once said "America and Britain are a single country divided by a common language".
Although the British and Americans share a common language, there are 3 problem areas to be aware of:

1. Words preferred in the UK versus words preferred in the US (i.e. rubbish = British, trash = American)
2. Identical words which have totally different meanings (i.e. first floor = "1. Etage" in UK, but "Erdgeschoß" in US)
3. Words which can be "safe" on one side of the Atlantic but "dangerous" on the other (i.e. 'knock up' = 'jmd. aufwecken' in UK, but 'jmd. schwängern' in US)

Scan the list below for words you would commonly use and check the US-UK differences.

What the British say:	What the Americans say:	What the Germans say
a man who addresses a prostitute	solicitor
afters (or pudding)	dessert
anti-clockwise	counter-clockwise
aubergine	egg-plants
autumn	fall
bill	check
bin	trashcan
bird	chick	Mädel
biscuit	cookie
bloke	guy
boot	trunk
braces	suspenders	Hosenträger
brush	broom
bum	butt	Hintern
bums	tramps	Obdachloser, Landstreicher
camp	gay	schwul
car park	parking lot
caravan	trailer
chap	guy
chemist	drugstore
chips	fries
chum	buddie
courage	spunk
courgette	zucchini
crisps	chips
curtains	drapes
CV	resumé
dressing gown	robe	Hausmantel, Bademantel
dual carriageway	divided highway
dummy	comforter	Schnuller
engaged	busy
estate car	station wagon
fag	cigarette
fanny (Vagina)	fanny (Hintern)
first floor	second floor	1. Etage
flat	appartment
flatmate	roommates
football	soccer
fortnight	two weeks
French bean	snow peas
full stop	period
gherkin	pickles
gobsmacked	extremely surprised, speechless
ground floor	first floor	Erdgeschoß
holiday	vacation
homely	ugly
homosexual	fag
jumper	sweater
kip	nap	Schläfchen
knickers	women's underpants
knock up (aufwecken)	knock up (jmd. schwängern)
left luggage	lost property
lift	elevator
loo	restroom
lorry	truck
mobile phone	cell phone, cellie
momentarily (gleich)	momentarily (für eine sehr kurze Zeit)
motor	automobile
motorway	freeway
mum	mom
nappy	diaper
nought	zero
off-licence	liquor store
omnibus	tram
pants	underpants	Unterhosen
pants (Unterhosen)	pants (Hosen)
pavement	sidewalk
pensioner	seniors
petrol	gas
pint (20 fluid ounces)	pint (16 fluid ounces)
pissed (betrunken)	pissed (verärgert)
plaster	bandage or Band-Aid
post	mail
pram	baby carriage, baby buggy, stroller
pub	bar
pudding	dessert
queue	line
randy	hornygeil
return ticket	round-trip ticket
reverse charges	call collect
ring	call
roundabout	traffic circles, rotaries
rubber	condom
rubbish	trash, garbage
sack	dismiss, fire
scotch	whiskey
second floor	third floor	2. Etage
Sellotape	Scotch tape (a brand name of 3M Corporation).
shop	store
skip	dumpster, trash bin
slash	urinate
sleeping policeman	speed-bump
solicitor	lawyer
spanner	monkey wrench Engländer,ÊFranzose
spunk	semen
stalagmite, stalagtites	flowstones
starter	appetizer
steady on	"hold your horses!"
stilettos	pumps, high heels
stroke	slash
sweets	candy
tap	faucet	Wasserhahn
tarmac	asphalt
tights	panty-hose
Tippex	white out
torch	flashlight
trainers (training shoes)	sneakers
tram	streetcar
treacle	molasses
trolley	shopping cart
trousers	pants	Hosen
vest	undershirt	Unterhemd
waistcoat	vest	Weste, Jacke
Wellingtons	rubber boots, galoshes
wheat	corn	Weizen
willie	penis
windscreen	windshield
zed	zee	Z

Q

R

readex

(E?)(L?) http://www.readex.com/scholarl/eai_digi.html
Dies ist ein Projekt, das den digitalen Zugriff auf alle publizierten Schriften in Amerika zwischen 1639 und 1800 ermöglichen will. Es heisst "Evans Digital Edition", angeboten von "American Antiquarian Society".
This will jump start our knowledge of early American vocabulary. - Allerdings ist es nicht kostenlos: annual maintenance fee of $1000.

rec-puzzles

(E?)(L1) http://rec-puzzles.org/new/sol.pl/language/english/spelling/nym
An interesting "nym" listing, including contronym, charactonym, retronym and more. A number of the nyms are taken from Lederer's Crazy English, 1989. (Hier werden die verschiedenen '-nyme', also die Bezeichnungen beschrieben. Leider gibt es jeweils nur ein paar Beispiele.

retail

The sale of goods in small quantities directly to the customer. (Not to be confused with 'retail' [ree-'teyl] which means 'replace the tail on something'.)
A variant of Old French retaille 'piece cut off' from retaillier 'to cut up' from re- 'repeat' + tailler 'cut'. Akin to 'tailor' which comes from Old French tailleor from taillier 'to cut' going back to Late Latin taliare 'cut'. This is why we judge the cut of a suit rather than by its 'sew'. 'Tally' is another word based on the same French root. 'Taille' originally referred to a rod with cuts on it used for measuring.

S

sheer

= 'bloß'
deutsch: 1) 'schier' = 'geradezu, nahezu' mhd. 'schiere' = 'bald'; ahd. 'scero, scioro' = 'schnell, sofort'; ahd. 'sceri' = 'scharf, schnell (im Aufspüren)' gehört wie 'Schiene' zur Wurzel 'skei' = 'schneiden, spalten, trennen, unterscheiden'
deutsch: 2) 'schier' = 'lauter, rein' mhd. 'schir' = 'lauter, hell'; got. 'skeirs' = 'klar, deutlich'; engl. 'sheer' = 'rein, lauter'; gehört zur selben Wortgruppe wie 'scheinen';

shotgun wedding

Traditionelle amerikanische Form der Eheschließung, bei der der Entscheidung des Bräutigams von Mitgliedern der Familie seiner Zukünftigen ein wenig nachgeholfen wird.

sciam - Scientific American

(E?)(L?) http://www.sciam.com/

slanguage

(E?)(L?) http://www.slanguage.com/
American Slanguages - the slang used in different American cities

southpaw

(E?)(L?) http://www.lefthand.workmate.ca/Famous.htm
= a left-handed person (SOUTH-poor) = der Linkshänder
(paw = die Pfote)
Southpaw has its origins in 1880s' baseball slang. Baseball diamonds were often arranged so the batters would face east, to avoid looking into the afternoon sun. The pitcher's left hand, or paw, would therefore be on the southern side.

spellorg

(E?)(L?) http://www.spellorg.com/
The Society for the Preservation of English Language and Literature (SPELL) is an organization of people who love our language and are determined to resist its abuse and misuse in the news media and elsewhere.

T

theatlantic - Word Watch

(E?)(L?) http://www.theatlantic.com/language/wordwatch.htm
A selection of terms that have newly been coined, that have recently acquired new currency, or that have taken on new meanings.

theblowup

(E?)(L?) http://theblowup.com/_issue_5/base.html
typisch amerikanisches

time

(E?)(L?) http://www.time.gov/
Hier wird die Zeit nach Auswahl der Zone angezeigt.
Beteiligt sind die amerikanischen Regierungsstellen National Institute of Standards and Technology und das United States Naval Observatory.

Tolkien für Linguistiker

(E?)(L?) http://users.erols.com/aelfwine/Tolkien/linguistics/resource
Linguistische Informationen zu der von Tolkien erfundenen Sprache (englisch)

U

us-infos

(E?)(L?) http://www.us-infos.de/
(deutsch) Infos, Städte, Flughäfen, Zeitungen, Verkehrsämter, Tipps zu Langstreckenflügen

V

verbatimmag

(E?)(L?) http://www.verbatimmag.com/
the only magazine of language and linguistics for the layperson. We write about words and their uses with verve and humor, concentrating on English in all its variety and all the fun parts of other languages. Names, palindromes, puns and proverbs are also topics of interest. Puzzles, book reviews, SIC! SIC! SIC! and more round out each issue.

verbivore

(E?)(L?) http://www.verbivore.com/
Richard Lederer's Verbovore - the web site woven for wordaholics, logolepts, and verbivores. Carnivores eat meat; herbivores eat plants and vegetables; verbivores devour words.

vocabula

(E?)(L1) http://www.vocabula.com/VRlinks.htm
A society is generally as lax as its language.
Eine grosse Liste mit Language Links und 'word-related' links von 'The Vocabula Review'

vocabula

(E?)(L?) http://www.vocabula.com/VRbestwords.htm
The Best Words

vocabula

(E?)(L?) http://www.vocabula.com/VRworstwords.htm
The Worst Words

W

wa - Washington - Access Washington - State Facts

(E?)(L?) http://access.wa.gov/government/awfacts.asp
census data, history, government, state symbols

Washington Place Name Database

(E?)(L?) http://www.tpl.lib.wa.us/v2/NWROOM/WaNames.htm
The many small tribes of Washington each had their own name for the forests, streams, rivers, plains and valleys of our state. In 1776, Captain James Cook of the Royal Navy named Cape Flattery (because he flattered himself that the cape marked the entrance to the great inland sea (which the Indians called the 'sea in the forest'). The Spanish came in the 1790s and used the names of saints, ships and government officials to name places, mostly in the San Juan Islands. ...

whitehouse

(E?)(L?) http://www.whitehouse.gov/
Die offizielle Seite des Weisen Hauses;

wordsmith

(E2)(L3) http://www.wordsmith.org/awad/wordlist.html
man findet hier wirklich viele Worterklärungen englischer Begriffe; die Darstellung ist jedoch etwas gewöhnungsbedürftig;

X

Y

yellowstone -

(E?)(L?) http://www.yellowstone.net/
Yellowstone National Park

yourdictionary

(E?)(L?) http://www.yourdictionary.com/cgi-bin/wotdarch.cgi
word of the day Archives
Seit 09.08.2000 wurde jeden Tag ein Wort mit etymologischen Erklärungen ins Archiv gestellt.
Eine alphabetische Liste der Wörter ist in 'Sammlungen, Wortsammlungen' zu finden.

Etymologie, Étymologie, Etymology US Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika, les États-Unis d'Amérique, The United States of America (USA) Allgemein, en général, in general

weltalmanach - Landes-Name in den Amtssprachen der Staaten der Welt

A

akimbo

allmidwest

American Memory

ANC - American National Corpus

B

besttoilets

C

census - factfinder

Century Dictionary

cmu

colvilletribes

csupomona

curfew

D

E

F

FuckedCompany

G

geocities

geocities

H

hi-america

I

Indianer

J

K

kalispeltribe

krauts

L

like

loc - American Memory

M

N

O

one-liner

orchidweb - The American Orchid Society

OWAD - One Word A Day

P

plumbdesign

policescanner

psa-international - BRITISH-AMERICAN Misunderstandings

Q

R

readex

rec-puzzles

retail

S

sheer

shotgun wedding

sciam - Scientific American

slanguage

southpaw

spellorg

T

theatlantic - Word Watch

theblowup

time

Tolkien für Linguistiker

U

us-infos

V

verbatimmag

verbivore

vocabula

vocabula

vocabula

W

wa - Washington - Access Washington - State Facts

Washington Place Name Database

whitehouse

wordsmith

X

Y

yellowstone -

yourdictionary

Z

Etymologie, Étymologie, Etymology
US Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika, les États-Unis d'Amérique, The United States of America (USA)
Allgemein, en général, in general