Etymologie, Étymologie, Etymology
US Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika, les États-Unis d'Amérique, The United States of America (USA)
Geographie, Géographie, Geography

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berkeley
Dictionary of Abbreviations and Acronyms in Geographic Information Systems, Cartography, and Remote Sensing

(E?)(L?) http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/EART/abbrev2.html

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georoots - Geological Dictionary

(E?)(L?) http://www.georoots.org/
Here find a dictionary of geological terms along with their etymologies. Also check out the "Society for the Preservation of the Old English Positive".

Geography (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography

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histgeo - Geographische Geschichte

(E?)(L?) http://www.histgeo.com/
Eine gute Site der geographischen Geschichte im Netz;

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iastate - Glossary of Geologic Terms

(E?)(L?) http://www.ge-at.iastate.edu/
(E?)(L?) http://www.ge-at.iastate.edu/glossary.shtml
This glossary of geologic terms is based on the glossary in Earth: An Introduction to Geologic Change, by S. Judson and S.M. Richardson (Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice Hall, 1995). Where possible, definitions conform generally, and in some cases specifically, to definitions given in Robert L Bates and Julia A Jackson (editors), Glossary of Geology, 3rd ed., American Geological Institute, Alexandria, Virginia, 1987.

infoplease - Geography Glossary

(E?)(L1) http://www.infoplease.com/spot/99geography1.html

Geography Glossary
World Geography
U.S. Geography
Time Zones
Explorers
Everest Almanac
Highest Mountains
Oceans & Seas
Earthquakes
Travel Statistics
More . . .

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nga - NGA GEOnet Names Server (GNS)
Putting a Name to a Place

NGM (W3)

"NGM" steht für "National Geographic Magazine".

(E?)(L?) http://www.nationalgeographic.com/birth/
On the evening of January 13, 1888, thirty-three men traveled on foot, horseback, and in horsedrawn carriages through the streets of Washington to the Cosmos Club, then on Lafayette Square across from the White House. They convened around a large mahogany table to discuss “the advisability of organizing a society for the increase and diffusion of geographical knowledge.” The entity they were about to create would become the largest nonprofit scientific and educational institution in the world.

The group included geographers, explorers, teachers, lawyers, cartographers, military officers, and financiers—all learned, well-traveled men distinguished by a love of knowledge and a thirst for discovery and achievement. As one of them pointed out, they were the “first explorers of the Grand Canyon and the Yellowstone, those who had carried the American flag farthest north, who had measured the altitude of our famous mountains, traced the windings of our coasts and rivers, determined the distribution of flora and fauna, enlightened us in the customs of the aborigines, and marked out the path of storm and flood.”

The men embodied an era that was marked by exploration, discovery, invention, and change. Massive industrial expansion and immigration were altering the face of the country, infusing people with new ideas and values. Americans were energetic, ambitious, optimistic, and curious for new information about the world around them. It was clear to the men assembled at the Cosmos Club that a vehicle was needed to satisfy that desire for knowledge.

They readily approved a resolution that the Society be organized “on as broad and liberal a basis in regard to qualifications for membership as is consistent with its own well-being and the dignity of the science it represents.” Over the next two weeks a constitution and plan of organization were prepared, and on January 27, 1888, the "National Geographic Society" was officially incorporated.

Its first president was Gardiner Greene Hubbard, a lawyer, financier, and philanthropist who helped found a school for the deaf and promoted the experiments of his son-in-law, Alexander Graham Bell. Acknowledging in his introductory address that he was neither “a scientific man, nor...a geographer,” Hubbard stated, “By my election you notify the public that the membership of our Society will not be confined to professional geographers, but will include that large number who, like myself, desire to promote special researches by others, and to diffuse the knowledge so gained, among men, so that we may all know more of the world upon which we live.”

Nine months after the Society was founded, the first "NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC magazine" was published. A studious, scientific journal with a nondescript, dull-brown cover, it bore no resemblance to the color-illustrated periodical it would come to be. On its first two pages, however, was an announcement stating the mission that was to guide the Society and its magazine for the next century and beyond:

“The ‘National Geographic Society’ has been organized ‘to increase and diffuse geographic knowledge,’ and the publication of a Magazine has been determined upon as one means of accomplishing these purposes. As it is not intended to be simply the organ of the Society, its pages will be open to all persons interested in geography, in the hope that it may become a channel of intercommunication, stimulate geographic investigation and prove an acceptable medium for the publication of results.”

After more than a century the National Geographic Society today is propelled by new concerns: the alarming lack of geographic knowledge among our nation’s young people and the pressing need to protect the planet’s natural resources. As our mission grows in urgency and scope, the Society continues to develop new and exciting vehicles for broadening our reach and enhancing our legendary ability to bring the world to our millions of members.

(E?)(L?) http://www.nationalgeographic.com/
ANIMALS | ENVIRONMENT | HISTORY | KIDS | MAPS | NEWS | PEOPLE & PLACES | PHOTOGRAPHY | VIDEO | WORLD MUSIC | NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE | MAGAZINES | SHOP | SUBSCRIPTIONS | TV & FILM | TRAVEL WITH US | OUR MISSION | Most Popular | 1. Animals | 2. Video | 3. World Maps | 4. Podcasts | 5. Photo of the Day

(E?)(L?) http://www.nationalgeographic.com/siteindex/index.html
Site Index About National Geographic | Customer Service | Search Our Publications | Adventure and Exploration | Animals | Archaeology and Paleontology | Education | History | International Web Sites | Kids | Magazines and Books | Maps and Geography | Nature and Conservation | News | Parents | Peoples and Cultures | Photography | Science and Space | Shopping | Television and Film | Travel | Weather and Natural Forces

(E?)(L?) http://newsletters.nationalgeographic.com/p/National%2520Geographic%2520Society/NG_Registration_Page
Newsletter gibt es jeweils zu folgenden Themen:

Select your free National Geographic email newsletters below.

Inside National Geographic: Every two weeks you'll get the best of National Geographic—new discoveries, wallpapers, magazine previews, quick quizzes, eye-opening photos, and more. Best Online Newsletter, 2006 Codie Awards
National Geographic Online Store: Receive special offers and new product notices from our online store.
The Green Guide To Go: Each week you'll get the latest information from The Green Guide, the consumer's go-to source for green home tips, eco-product reviews, environmental health information and green living advice.
Travel, Maps, and Adventure
Places to Explore: Once a month you'll get stunning landscape photos, travel tips, maps, hot spots in the news, and our exclusive travel-photo quiz.
National Geographic Expeditions: Find out how you can travel with National Geographic photographers and experts. Receive monthly updates on new trips, special offers, and expedition reports.
National Geographic Traveler's A*List: The Best of Travel: You will receive Traveler magazine's biweekly newsletter packed with tried-and-true travel tips, exclusive travel deals, book excerpts and discounts, and more!
Adventure Magazine: Plan your next trip today! Get great discounts on adventure-travel trips and cool new gear from the pages of Adventure.
Photography: Focus on Photography: Once a month you'll get our best new photos and tips —wallpapers, photo quizzes, expert tips, and more.
National Geographic Magazine: Receive National Geographic magazine's Photo of the Month newsletter, featuring photos from the current issue, desktop wallpapers, and more.
National Geographic WildCams: Don't miss a minute of the animal action! Get news about current and upcoming WildCams, the best Cam photos, "Tech Talk," and more in National Geographic's Live From the Wild! newsletter.
National Geographic Channel: Monthly Channel Highlights: Once a month you'll receive program highlights, alerts on upcoming specials, interactive features, and more.
NG Channel This Week: Every week you'll get our prime-time program highlights.
Entertainment: National Geographic Home Entertainment: Receive the latest news about National Geographic films, DVD promotions, DVD rentals, and more.
National Geographic World Music: Once a month National Geographic offers you an update on all the latest news, tour info, album releases and more from your favorite artists from around the globe.
Education: Education Update: Once a month, the newsletter of National Geographic's Education Network brings you time-saving tools—lesson plans, quick quizzes, news reports, and exclusive EdNet resources and opportunities.
My Wonderful World: Make sure your kids are learning all they can about our world! Get tips and tools, ideas for family activities, links to great games, and more.
The Genographic Project: Maps
The Genographic Project: Receive the latest news on field research, Genographic stories, and highlights from the Genographic Project Web site.
National Geographic Maps Store: Every other month you'll get updates about our newest maps, Map Store promotions, MapMachine features, and more.
All Roads Film project: National Geographic All Roads Film Project showcases breakthrough film and still photography from indigenous and under represented minority cultures around the globe.

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pa - Glossary of Mining Terms

(E?)(L?) http://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/minres/dms/website/training/glossary.html
with clear definitions (Browsable alphabetically)

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Richter scale, Richterskala (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richterskala
(E?)(L?) http://www.alaskarails.org/historical/earthquake/earthquake-richter.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.discovery.de/de/pub/specials/erdbeben/content451.htm
(E?)(L?) http://www.wetterspiegel.de/de/lexikon/18-97.html
Die "Richterskala", engl. "Richter scale", wurde von "Charles Francis Richter" und Beno Gutenberg am Technischen Institut von Kalifornien 1935 als mathematisches Hilfsmittel zum Vergleich der Stärke von Erdbeben entwickelt und anfänglich als "ML-Skala" ("Magnitude Local-Skala") bezeichnet.

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usgs - Geonames
United States and Territories
U.S. Board on Geographic Names
Geographic Names Data Base

(E?)(L?) http://geonames.usgs.gov/
The U.S. Board on Geographic Names is a Federal body created in 1890 and established in its present form by Public Law in 1947 to maintain uniform geographic name usage throughout the Federal Government. The Board comprises representatives of Federal agencies concerned with geographic information, population, ecology, and management of public lands. Sharing its responsibilities with the Secretary of the Interior, the Board promulgates official geographic feature names with locative attributes as well as principles, policies, and procedures governing the use of domestic names, foreign names, Antarctic names, and undersea feature names.
...

Domestic Names: Search GNIS (includes FIPS55) | Download GNIS (includes FIPS55) | Principles, Policies, and Procedures | Minutes | Quarterly Review List | Propose or Change a Name | Compilation Status Map | FAQs
Foreign Names
Antarctic Names: Search | Antarctic Policy | Name Proposal Form
Undersea Features
Member Directory
Links:

(E?)(L?) http://earth-info.nga.mil/gns/html/index.html

Council of Geographic Names Authorities
COGNA
Geographic Names of Individual U.S. States
Alabama Place Names Research Center
Alaska Community Database
Arizona State Board on Geographic and Historic Names
California Advisory Committee On Geographic Names
Colorado Place Names by County
Connecticut State Library - Unique Connecticut Place Names
The Delaware Geographic Names Committee
Georgia Place Names
Hawaii Board on Geographical Names
Idaho GenWeb: Idaho Place Names Origins
Iowa GenWeb: Iowa Place Names
Kansas State Historical Society
Kentucky Atlas & Gazetteer
thecajuns.com: Louisiana History: Old and New Place Names
Michigans Place Names
Minnesota Place Names
The Mississippi 1885 Atlas and Gazetteer
Directory of Towns,Villages, and Hamlets Past and Present of Missouri
Montana History: Place Names
University of Nebraska: Nebraska Place Names
Nevada State Board on Geographic Names
The State of New Jersey Localities
The New Mexico Geographic Names Information System
New York State Library Genealogy
Ohio Historical and Changed Name Locations
Oklahoma Town Names
Oregon Geographic Names
Tennessee Place Names and Post Offices
Texas: Borderlands Information Center Geographic Names
Utah Committee On Geographic Names
Virginia Geographic Names Information System
Washington Place Names Database
Place Names in West Virginia
Wisconsin Geographic Names Council
Wyoming Board of Geographic Names
Antarctica
SCAR - Composite Gazetteer
Australia - Antarctic Names and Gazetteer
Bulgaria - Bulgarian Antarctic Gazetteer
Germany - Geographical names of the Antarctic
New Zealand - Frameworks of the New Zealand Geographic Board (pg_37)
Norway - Norwegian Polar Institute
United Kingdom - Antarctic Place-Names Committee
Countries
Australia
National
Australian Surveying and Land Information Group (AUSLIG) Gazetteer of Australia
Australian National Placenames Survey
Intergovernmental Committee on Surveying and Mapping
State
Australian Capital Territory Land Information Centre (Canberra)
Geographical Names Board of NSW (New South Wales)
Place Names in the Northern Territory
Nomenclature Board of Tasmania
Vicnames - Geographic Place Name Authentication (Victoria)
Names and Places in Western Australia
South Australian State Gazetteer
Queensland Department of Natural Resources
Belgium
BELGIUM-ROOTS Project
Canada
National
Canadian Geographical Names Data Base: English, French
State
Friends of Geographical Names of Alberta
BC Geographical Names (British Columbia)
Manitoba Geographical Names Program
Place Names Database - PWNHC (Northwest Territories)
Nova Scotia's Geographical Names
Ontario Geographic Names Board Act
Nunavut Planning Commission
Commission de toponymie du Quebec (French only)
China
Chinese Historical Placenames
Denmark
Place Name in Denmark
Estonia
Place Names Board of Estonia
Ireland
The LOCUS Project
New Zealand
New Zealand Geographic Place-Names Database
United Kingdom
The Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use
Gazetteer of British Place Names
Ordnance Survey
Gazetteer for Scotland
World
Fuzzy Gazetteer
National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) GEOnet Names Server (GNS)
Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names
Planetary
International Astronomical Union Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature
Other Related Federal Information Servers
U.S. Census Bureau U.S. Gazetteer
U.S. Census Bureau U.S. Census Bureau's Mapping and Cartographic Resources
Environmental Protection Agency Surf Your Watershed | Locate Your Watershed |
Miscellaneous Geographic Name Sites
American Name Society
Alexandria Digital Library
Arizona State University Place Name Servers on the Internet
Coeur d'Alene Native Names Project
Columbia Gazetteer
GeoNative - To Preserve Native and Minority placenames
The JewishGen ShtetlSeeker - Central and Eastern Europe
Latin Place Names - Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University
Toponymy Interest Group (PLANSUS)

Etymologie, Étymologie, Etymology US Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika, les États-Unis d'Amérique, The United States of America (USA) Geographie, Géographie, Geography

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berkeley Dictionary of Abbreviations and Acronyms in Geographic Information Systems, Cartography, and Remote Sensing

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