Etymologie, Étymologie, Etymology
US Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika, les États-Unis d'Amérique, The United States of America (USA)
Linguistik, Linguistique, Linguistics
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Amerikanistik (W3)
(E?)(L?) http://www.abc-der-menschheit.de/coremedia/generator/wj/de/03__Geisteswissenschaften/01__Vermitteln/Anglistik_2C_20Amerikanistik.html
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Dabei geht der Blick der "Anglistik" über England hinaus. Den Gegenstand des Faches bildet die englische Sprache in ihrer heutigen weltweiten Verbreitung, die Anglistik interessiert sich für Shakespeare ebenso wie für literarische Produktionen aus Amerika oder dem Commonwealth - etwa aus Indien. Dieses breit angelegte Interessengebiet führt an vielen Universitäten zu einer Aufteilung des Faches. So hat sich die "Amerikanistik", die sich mit Sprache und Kultur Nordamerikas auseinandersetzt, an manchen Hochschulen als eigenständige Disziplin etabliert.
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Antanaclasis, Antanaklase (W3)
(E2)(L1) http://rhetoric.byu.edu/Figures/A/antanaclasis.htm
(E?)(L?) http://wordcraft.infopop.cc/Archives/2002-8-Aug.htm
(E?)(L?) http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAnAntanaclasis.htm
(E?)(L?) http://www.uni-erfurt.de/sprachwissenschaft/proxy.php?file=lido/servlet/Lido_Servlet
(E1)(L1) http://www.wordsmith.org/awad/archives/1200
(E?)(L?) http://www.wordsmith.org/awad/archives/0305
(E?)(L?) http://www.google.de/search?hl=de&q=Antanaclasis&meta=
"Antanaclasis" is a pun in which a word is repeated with a different meaning each time.
(Your argument is sound, nothing but sound.)
"Antanaclasis", dt. "Antanaklase" setzt sich zusammen aus griech. "anti" = "gegen", "zurück", "ana" = "auf" und "klasis" = "Brechung", also etwa "Rückbeziehung", "auf etwas zurückweisen".
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dmoz
Historical Linguistics
(E?)(L?) http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Social_Sciences/Linguistics/Historical_Linguistics/
27.06.2006:
- Ancient Scripts - Historical Linguistics
- Cameron Laird's Personal Index to Anthropologic Resources on the Net
- Chronology: History of English
- The Controversy over the Word 'Squaw'
- Corpora and Historical Linguistics
- Encyclopedia.com - Grimm's law
- English from the 7th to the 18th c.
- Genetic Distance and Language Affinities
- The Great Vowel Shift Web Site
- Grimm's Law
- Historical Linguistics Methodology
- History of the English Language
- Indin
- Indo-European and the Comparative Method
- The Indo-European Language Family
- Introduction to Historical Linguistics
- Kjell Gustafson's homepage - Historical Linguistics
- Lehmann's Reader: A Reader in Nineteenth Century Historical Indo-European Linguistics
- Linguae Thraco-Daco-Moesianae
- Place Names and Intersocietal Interaction
- A possible homeland of the Indo-European languages
- Relations between Indoeuropean and Afroasiatic Languages
- Schousboe: Teaching Historical Linguistics
- Sergei Starostin's Etymological Databases
- Take Our Word for It
- Tracking Linguistic Drift: The Comparative Method
- What Has a Hippo in Common With a Feather?
- Wilton's Word & Phrase Origins
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eleaston - Etymology-Links
(E?)(L?) http://www.eleaston.com/etymology.html
- Etymology online | History of English | Loan Words | Names: People, Places, Eponyms, Generic Words | Neologisms | Quizzes | Politics: Election Words | Word of the Day
- English Around the World: American, Australian, British, Canadian, Caribbean, Indian, Irish, New Zealand, Nigerian, Scots, Sign Language-Braille, Singaporean, South Africa, Welsh
- BACKGROUND INFORMATION: What is etymology? H. Rex Hartson | What is etymology? fun-with-words | Where do languages come from? Merritt Ruhlen | Language Contact: Terms Eva Easton | Language Varieties Univ. of New England, Australia | Vocabulary H.W. Fowler | Word Formation Johanna Rubba | Word Formation Take Our Word | What is linguistics? Stu Barton | Linguistics Course Sharon Clampitt | Linguistics Overview William Harris | Linguistics Terms Brian Zahn | Etymological Dictionary Eugene Cotter
- Language Families Ethnologue: Indo-European Languages Cathy Ball | Indo-European Languages Jack Lynch | Indo-European Languages TITUS / Univ. of Franfurt | Germanic Languages softrat.home.mindspring.com | Language Identifier Doug Beeferman
- HISTORY of the ENGLISH LANGUAGE: Who speaks English? | History of English Kryss Katsiavriades | History of English Dave Wilton | History of English Soon | History of English Douglas F. Hasty | History of English BlueRider | History of English BBC | History of English American Heritage | History of English Edwin Duncan | History of English Peter Erdmann, See-Young Cho | History of English Carol Jamison | History of English Suzanne Kemmer | History of English Pétur Knútsson | History of English Tim Morris | History of English Daniel W. Mosser | History of English Daniel W. Mosser | History of English Carol Percy | History of English Questia | History of English Johanna E. Rubba | History of English Philip G. Rusche | History of English David Wilton
- Old English incl. audio: American English | British English
- Phonological Atlas of North America Univ. of Pennsylvania: The Structure of English Words Univ. of Oregon | English Lexicography Technical University of Berlin | English Word Origins C.A.E. Luschnig | Politics & the English Language: George Orwell
- NEOLOGISMS: What is a neologism? | What is a neologism? Using English | What is a neologism? Wikipedia | The need for neologisms Ingar Roggen | Neologisms: Origin H.W. Fowler | Neologisms Jennifer Stewart | Neologisms Canada´s Most Wanted Words | Neologisms involution.org/neologisms | Neologisms Incompetech | Neologisms Richard Leverage | Neologisms tribuneindia.com | Neologisms American / Mencken | Neologisms "Gulliver's Travels" / Lee Jaffe | Neologisms Japanese-English / cjk.org | Neologisms Shakespeare | Neologisms interpreting / Helga Niska | Neologisms French-English / lapasserelle.com | Neologisms German-English / Englishlehrer.de | Neologisms Spanish, French, Portuguese
- MORE INFO? Search ...: Papers on Various Linguistic Influences on English
Escher sentences (W3)
(E?)(L?) http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/%7Emyl/languagelog/archives/000862.html
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These sentences remind me of the pictures of stairways that spiral up endlessly within a finite space, and ...
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eserver
Languages and Linguistics
(E6)(L1) http://www.eserver.org/langs/
(E?)(L?) http://langs.eserver.org/
This area holds works on language, linguistic theory and structural linguistics.
Hier findet man Links zu folgenden linguistischen Themen:
- Acronyms Dictionary
- American Dialect Society
- American Philological Association
- Beginning Greek
- Birkbeck College, Department of Applied Linguistics
- Center for Applied Linguistics
- Center for the Study of Language and Information
- CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
- Consortium for Lexical Research
- Croatian Language
- Devil's Dictionary of Lit Terms
- Economic Freedom and Language
- European Network in Language and Speech
- Feudal Dictionary
- FingerSpell (Mac)
- 1606 French Dictionary
- French Flash Cards (Mac)
- French Glossary (Mac)
- French Literature Collection
- German News
- Guide to Wheelock's Latin
- Hopper BLS Paper
- Hopper: Times of the Sign
- International Phonetic Association
- Latin Grammar Aid
- Latin Terms
- Latin texts
- Learn to Read Russian
- Let's Learn Arabic
- Lexical Functional Grammar
- Linell: The Written Language Bias in Linguistics
- Linguistic Society of America
- The Linguists List
- Minimal pairs for English RP
- Mistranslations
- Mondegreen Phrases
- Official English: A 'No' Vote
- Oxymorons
- Online English Handbook 1.2.1 (Mac)
- Orwell: Politics and the English Language
- Palindromes
- Palmer-Bakhtin and Net Subjects
- Polanyi & Hopper 1981
- Project Libellus
- Qalam
- Quick & Dirty Japanese
- Sengers: Wallowing in the Quagmire of Language
- Shakespeare Glossary
- Shaw and Meihem
- SIL Encore IPA Fonts
- Some basic Spanish conjugations
- Study Guide to Wheelock Latin
- Swedish-English Dictionary
- The Awful German Language
- UCLA Phonetics Lab
- Urdu Dictionary
- Welsh Resources
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Linguistic profiling
(E1)(L1) http://www.worldwidewords.org/
(E2)(L1) http://www.wordspy.com/archives/L.asp
linguistics (W3)
(E?)(L?) http://www.cal.org/resources/faqs/linguisticsfaq.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/linguistics
Diese Bezeichnung (dt. "Linguistik") für die moderne Sprachwissenschaft wurde von dem Schweizer Sprachwissenschaftler F. de Saussure (1857-1913) eingeführt.
linguistlist
(E1)(L?) http://www.linguistlist.org/
The Linguist List - Fachleute antworten zu Fragen - It's available in Deutsch, Español, Français, Italiano, Português, to boot. There are seemingly endless resources here, plus the Ask a Linguist service. It's not strictly etymology, but it certainly deserves to be in The Hall of Fame.
LSA (W3)
"LSA" steht für "Linguistic Society of America".
(E?)(L?) http://www.lsadc.org/
The "Linguistic Society of America" ("LSA") was founded in 1924 to advance the scientific study of language. Linguistics has developed dramatically in the intervening years, greatly expanding the understanding of human language.
LSA is the largest linguistic society in the world and welcomes linguists of all kinds. It is the only umbrella professional linguistics organization in the US, with over 5,000 individual and library members. LANGUAGE, official journal of the LSA, continues to publish across the subfields, and LSA's annual meetings (2005-San Francisco), biennial summer institutes (2005-Cambridge, MA), and other activities promote linguistic studies from many different perspectives.
Erstellt: 2010-02
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mizian - Heteronyms
(E?)(L?) http://mizian.com.ne.kr/englishwiz/library/explore/heteronyms.htm
What are heteronyms?
Heteronyms are words that are spelled identically but have different meanings when pronounced differently. For example:
Lead, pronounced LEED, means to guide. However, lead, pronounced LED, means a metallic element.
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Es folgt eine lange List mit Beispielen.
mizian - Homographs
(E?)(L?) http://mizian.com.ne.kr/englishwiz/library/explore/homographs.htm
Homographs are words that have identical spellings but different pronunciations and different meanings. Some dictionaries call these types of words "heteronyms".
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Es folgt eine lange List mit Beispielen.
mizian - An English Homophone Dictionary
(E?)(L?) http://mizian.com.ne.kr/englishwiz/library/explore/homophone.htm
Homophones are words of the same language that are pronounced alike even if they differ in spelling, meaning, or origin, such as "pair" and "pear". Homophones may also be spelled alike, as in "bear" (the animal) and "bear" (to carry). But this list consists only of homophones that are not spelled alike.
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Es folgt eine lange List mit Beispielen.
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NLP - computational linguistics
(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/totd.asp
Short for "Natural Language Processing", a branch of artificial intelligence that deals with analyzing, understanding and generating the languages that humans use naturally in order to interface with computers in both written and spoken contexts using natural human languages instead of computer languages.
One of the challenges inherent in natural language processing is teaching computers to understand the way humans learn and use language. Take, for example, the sentence "Baby swallows fly." This simple sentence has multiple meanings, depending on whether the word "swallows" or the word "fly" is used as the verb, which also determines whether "baby" is used as a noun or an adjective. In the course of human communication, the meaning of the sentence depends on both the context in which it was communicated and each person's understanding of the ambiguity in human languages. This sentence poses problems for software that must first be programmed to understand context and linguistic structures.
NLP is also referred to as computational linguistics.
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odlt
The Online Dictionary of Language Terminology (The ODLT)
(E?)(L?) http://www.odlt.org/
All Terms
abbreviation | abbreviature | abessive case | abjad | ablative case | ablaut | absent referent | absolute clause | absolute construction | absolute modifier | abstract noun | abugida | abusage | accent (phonology) | accent aigu (´) | accent bar | accent grave (`) | accidence | accusative case | acoustic phonetics | acrolect | acronym | active participle | active voice | acute accent (´) | acyrology | adfix | adianoeta | adjectival clause | adjective | adjective pronoun | adjunct | adnominal | adnominal adjunct | adnominatio | adnoun | adverb | adverbial | adverbial adjunct | adverbial clause | adverbial complement | adverbial conjunction | adverbial connective | adverbial disjunct | adverbial function | adverbial particle | adverbial phrase | adverse | averse | advise | advice | Aelfric's Grammar | affect | effect | affix | agentless passive | agent noun | agglomerese | agglutinating | agglutination | agrammatism | agraphia | agreement | Airspeak | alethic modality | alexia | alinea () | allative case | alliteration | allograph | allomorph | allophone | allude | mention | allusion | illusion | alot | a lot | alphabet | alphabetic principle | alright | all right | alternately | alternatively | amalgam | amalgamation | ambigram | ambitransitive verb | amelioration | amoral | immoral | ampersand (&) | amphibology | amphiboly | anacoluthon | anacronym | anacrusis | anadiplosis | anagram | anagrammatism | anagram pair | analytic language | anapest | anaphora (linguistics) | anaphora (rhetoric) | anaphoric pronoun | anaptyxis | anastrophe | Anglian | Anglo-French | Anglo-Latin | Anglo-Norman | Anglo-Saxon | Anglosphere | antagonym | antanaclasis | antecedent | anthimeria | anthroponomastics | anthroponym | anthroponymy | anticipatory "it" | anti-cliché | anti-language | antimetabole | antiphrasis | antisthecon | antistrophe | antonomasia | antonym | aphaeresis | aphasia | aphesis | aphetic forms | aphorism | apical | apocopate | apocopation | apocope | apodosis | apo koinou | apophasis | apophony | aporia | aposiopesis | apostrophe (') | apostrophe (rhetoric) | apothegm | apposition | appositional object | appraise | apprise | aptronym | arbitrariness | arbitrary gender | archaism | argot | Aristophanes of Byzantium | Ars Rhetorica | article | articulatory phonetics | artificial language | Art of Grammar | Aryan | ash | Ashtadhyayi | aspect | asperand (@) | assimilation | associative case | assonance | asterisk (*) | asterisk (etymology) | asterism | asyndetic coordination | asyndeton | atomic unit | at sign (@) | atticism | attic salt | attribute | attributive | attributive adjective | attributive expletive | attributive noun | auditory phonetics | augmentative | augur | auger | aureate term | author | co-author | autoantonym | autonym | auxesis | auxiliary verb | baby talk | back-channelling | back-clipping | back-formation | backronym | backshift | back slang | backslash (\) | Bailey, Nathan | barbarism | bare infinitive | base | base form | Basic English | basilect | begging the question | beside | besides | bicameral alphabet | Bickerton, Derek | bilabial | billingsgate | bimonthly | semi-monthly | binary antonyms | blend | blending | blind agreement | Bloomfield, Leonard | Blount, Thomas | Boas, Franz | body language | Bopp, Franz | bouletic modality | boulomaic modality | bound morpheme | boustrophedon | Boxhorn, Marcus van | braces ({ }) | brachygraphy | brachylogy | brackets {}[]()«»< > | break hyphen (-) | broad reference | Broca's aphasia | brogue | broken English | Brown Corpus | Brythonic | Bullokar, William | bureaucratese | burr | buzzword | cacography | cacology | caconym | cacophemism | cacozelia | Caesar, Julius | caesura | calque | CamelCase | canonical order | cant | capital | Capitol | capitalization | capitonym | caret (^) | caritive case | Carny | case | casus generalis | catachresis | cataphora | causative suffix | causative verb | Caxton, William | cedilla | censure | censor | cerilla | character | charactonym | charientismus | Charisius, Flavius Sosipater | chiasmus | child-directed speech | Chomsky, Noam | chrestomathy | chroneme | Ciardi, John | circumfix | circumflex (ˆ) | circumlocution (linguistics) | circumlocution (rhetoric) | circumstantial adverb | circumstantial modality | citation | citation form | cite | site | Classical Hebrew | Classical Latin | clause | cledonism | cleft infinitive | cleft sentence | cliché | climactic | climatic | clipping | clitic | close pair | CNL | cognate accusative | cognate object | cognates | cognate verb | coin | Coleridge, Herbert | collective noun | collocation | collocational restriction | colon (:) | colon (rhetoric) | combining form | comitative case | comma (,) | comma splice | commercial at (@) | common adjective | common gender | common name | common noun | comparative | compare to | compare with | competence mistake | complacent | complaisant | complement | complement | compliment | complex-compound sentence | complex preposition | complex sentence | compound | compound adjective | compound adverb | compound-complex sentence | compound modifier | compound noun | compound sentence | compound split infinitive | compound subject | compound tense | compound verb | comprise | compose | concord | concrete noun | conditional | conditional conjunction | conditional mood | conditional perfect | confusables | confusage | congeries | conjugate | conjugation | conjunct | conjunction | conjunctive adverb | conjunctive conjunction | conlang | connotation | connotation | denotation | consonance | consonant | consonantal alphabet | consonantal drift | consonantary | consonant cluster | contextual spell-checking | continuous | continual | continuous aspect | contraction | contranym | contrived acronym | controlled language | conventional haplography | conversion | conversion (etymology) | coordinate adjectives | coordinate clause | coordinating conjunction | coordinating connective | coordination | coordinator | coprolalia | copula | copulative conjunction | correlative | correlative conjunction | correlative coordination | council | counsel | councillor | counsellor | countable noun | counterterm | covering word | crasis | credible | credulous | creole | crescendo | climax | cruciverbalist | cryptolect | Crystal, David | cumulative adjectives | cumulative genitive | cuneiform | dactyl | daffynition | dagger (†) | dangling gerund phrase | dangling modifier | dangling participle | Daniels, Peter T. | dash (- and -) | dative case | dead metaphor | declension | defective verb | defining relative clause | definite | definitive | definite article | defuse | diffuse | degeneration | degree | degree (°) | deictic pronoun | delative case | demonstrative adjective | demonstrative pronoun | demonstrative root | demonym | demonymic | demotic | denotation | denotatum | deontic modality | dependent clause | dependent marker word | derivation | derivational morphology | derived adverb | derived noun | descriptivism | desert | dessert | designatum | desinence | determiner | diachronic paragoge | diacope | diacritic | dialect | dialogue | diastole | diction | dictionary | didactic grammar | dieresis(¨) | dieresis (linguistics) | different from | different to | diglossia | digraph | diminution | diminutive | dingbat | diphthong | direct object | direct speech | discourse particle | discreet | discrete | disinterested | uninterested | disjunct | disjunctive conjunction | disjunctive pronoun | dis legomenon | dissimilation | distal demonstrative | distributive adjective | distributive pronoun | ditransitive verb | dittogram | dittograph | dittography | do-insertion | don't-levelling | Donatus | double "is" | double copula | double dagger (‡) | double genitive | double obelisk (‡) | double passive | doublespeak | doublet (etymology) | doublet (game) | dual alphabet | dummy | dummy auxiliary "do" | dummy pronoun | duplifix | durative aspect | dyad | dynamic modality | dynamic passive | dynamic verb | Dyscolus, Apollonius | dysgraphia | dyslalia | dyslexia | dysphemism | dysprosody | dystmesis | Early English | Early Middle English | Early Modern English | echoism | echolalia | echo tag | ecphoneme (!) | ecthlipsis | editorial "we" | editorial doubt | Edwards, Jonathan | eggcorn | egoism | egotism | either | elative | elegant variation | Elementarie | elevation | elision | ellipsis (grammar) | ellipsis (rhetoric) | ellipsis (…) | elliptical clause | elliptical infinitive | Elyot, Thomas | embolalia | em dash (-) | eme | emigrant | immigrant | EModE | enallage (grammar) | enallage (rhetoric) | Enchorial Egyptian | enclave | exclave | enclitic | en dash (-) | endonym | endophora | enjambment | envelop | envelope | epanadiplosis | epanados | epanalepsis | epanastrophe | epanorthosis | epenthesis | epeolatry | epergesis | epexegesis | epicene gender | epicene pronoun | epiphora | epistemic modality | epistrophe | episynaloephe | epithet | epizeuxis | eponym | E-Prime | erotema | eroteme (?) | Erse | escape character (\) | -ese | Esperanto | etc. | et cetera | ethnonym | ethnonymics | etymological fallacy | etymological twins | etymology | etymon | euphemism | eusystolism | evidential language | exact synonyms | exceptionable | exceptional | exclamation mark (!) | exegesis | exemplification | existential "it" | existential "there" | existential sentence | exonym | expletive | expletive pronoun | extension | extranuclear | factitive object | false cognates | false friends | false passive | false splitting | fatalism | pessimism | fawn | faun | figurative | figurative | literal | figurative extension | figure | figure dash (?) | figure of speech | finite clause | finite verb | flammable | inflammable | flat adverb | flaunt | flout | flounder | founder | folk etymology | Follett, Wilson | font | fore-and-aft-clipping | fore-clipping | foreignism | foreword | forward | forward slash (/) | fourth person | Fowler, Henry Watson | Fowler's Modern English Usage | Frankish | free morpheme | Fremdvort | French spacing | frequentative | fricative | full infinitive | full stop | Furnivall, Frederick | fused sentence | Futhork | future continuous | future inceptive | future past | future perfect | future perfect continuous | future perfect progressive | future progressive | future simple | future subordinate | Gallo-Roman | garden path sentence | Gaswort | gender | gender concord | General American | generic "one" | generic "you" | generic mood | genitive case | genteelism | gentleman's agreement | gerund | gerundive | ghost word | gibberish | gloss | glossary | Glossographia | glossolalia | glossopoeia | glottal catch | glottal stop | glottis | glottochronology | glyph | gnomic | gnomic aorist | gobbledygook | Goidelic | got and gotten | govern | Gowers, Ernest | gradability | gradable antonyms | grammar | grammarian | grammatical | grammatical concord | grammatical gender | grammaticality | Grammaticus, Diomedes | grapheme | graphology | graphospasm | Great Vowel Shift | greengrocer's apostrophe | Grimm, Jacob | Grimm's Law | grisly | grizzly | group noun | group possessive | guillemets (« ») | hanged | hung | Hangul | hapax legomenon | haplography | haplology | hard hyphen (-) | hard-word dictionary | Harper, Douglas | Harvard comma | Hausa | h-dropping | head | headword | Heavy Metal Umlaut | hedge | hendiadys | hendiatris | heteronym | hieratic | hieronym | High German | historic | historical | historical present | hoard | horde | Hobson-Jobsonism | homeoteleuton (literary) | homeoteleuton (palaeography) | homograph | homonym | homophone | honorific | hopefully | Horace | howler | Humboldt, Wilhelm von | hybrid | hypallage | hyperbaton | hyperbole | hypercorrect | hypernasality | hyperonym | hyphen (-) | hypocorism | hypocoristic | hyponym | hypotaxis | hysterologia | hysteron proteron | i.e. | e.g. | iamb | iambic pentameter | Ibn Abi Ishaq | ideogram | ideograph | idiolect | idiom | idiomatic passive | idiotism | if | whether | when | illative case | illative particle | illeism | imperative mood | imperfect participle | imperfect participle | imperfect tense | impersonal verb | implied conditional | imply | infer | inceptive verb | inchoative aspect | inchoative verb | indefinite article | indefinite numeral | indefinite pronoun | independent clause | independent marker word | indicative mood | indirect object | indirect passive | indirect speech | Indo-European | Indo-Germanic | inductive antonomasia | infinitival particle | infinitive | infix | inflection | inflectional morphology | inflectional root | initialism | inkhornism | inkhorn term | inkpot term | intensifier | intensive pronoun | interfix | interjection | International Phonetic Alphabet | interpunct (·) | interrogation point (?) | interrogative adverb | interrogative pronoun | intonation | intonation contour | intonation curve | intonation language | intonation phoneme | intonation turn | intoneme | intransitive verb | introductory complement | iota | iota subscript | IPA | irony | irony mark | irrealis moods | irregular verb | isocolon | it-cleft | Janus word | jargon | Jespersen, Otto | Johnson, Samuel | Johnson's Dictionary Preface | Jones, William | jot | juncture | juncture loss | kenning | Kentish | kinesics | koine | koinon | Kudos for the ODLT | Kussmaul, Adolph | labial | labio-dental | laconism | lallation | lambdacism | laminal | language | langue | langue d'oc | langue d'oïl | Late Latin | lateral | Latin | lative case | -lect | lemma | lemmatize | Lenvort | lexeme | lexical | lexical category | lexical class | lexical item | lexical meaning | lexical morphology | lexical root | lexical unit | lexicographer | lexicography | lexicology | lexicon | lexifer language | limiting adjective | limiting clause | lingua franca | Lingua Tertii Imperii | linguist | linguistic determinism | linguistic relativity | linguistics | linguistic turn | linguistic typology | link hyphen (-) | linking verb | lipogram | lipography | literal | litotes | loan blend | loanshift | loan translation | loanword | loath | loathe | localism | locative case | logogram | logograph | logographic principle | logomachy | logonomy | logorrhea | long passive | long vowel | loose | lose | Low German | Lowth, Robert | luxuriant | luxurious | macaronic | macrolinguistics | main entry | major sentence | majuscule | malapropism | manner adverb | Manutius, Aldus (the Elder) | Manutius, Aldus (the Younger) | mass noun | mass-word | matronym | Medieval Latin | meiosis | Mercian | merism | merismus | Mesha Stele | mesolect | metagrammatism | metalanguage | metalepsis | metalinguistics | metallage | metanalysis | metanoia | metaphor | metaphoric extension | metaplasm (linguistics) | metaplasm (rhetoric) | metastasis | metathesis | metonym | metonymy | metronymic | metronymy | microlinguistics | Middle English | Middle French | Middle High German | Middle Low German | militate | mitigate | minced oath | minimal free form | minimal pair | minor sentence | minuscule | misdivision | misplaced modifier | mixed metaphor | modal auxiliary verb | modality | modal verb | Modern English | Modern Language Association (MLA) | Modern Latin | modifier | mondegreen | monepic | monogenesis | monophthong | Montfaucon, Bernard de | mood | morph | morpheme | morphemics | morphology | motherese | mumpsimus | Murray, James | mutated plural | mycterismus | nasal | natural gender | natural language | near rhyme | neologism | neology | New English Dictionary | New High German | Newspeak | nice-nellyism | Nirukta | nobiliary particle | nominalization (etymology) | nominalization (grammar) | nominative absolute | nominative case | nominative pronoun | nonce word | non-defining relative clause | non-finite verb | non-gradability | non-restrictive clause | non-rhotic speech | Norman | normative grammar | North Germanic | North Sea Germanic | Northumbrian | nosism | note of admiration (!) | notional concord | notional verb | noun | noun adjunct | nounal | nounal clause | nounally | noun clause | nouning | noun of assemblage | noun phrase | null comparative | null subject language | obelisk (†) | obelism | object | object complement | oblique (/) | oblique case | OED | officialese | officious | official | of-genitive | Ogden, C.K. | Oh | O | Old Church Slavonic | Old English | Old French | Old High German | Old Low German | Old North French | Old Saxon | onomasiology | onomasticon | onomastics | onomatechny | onomatology | onomatopoeia | onomatopoeic coinage | onomatotechny | optative mood | ordinance | ordnance | orthoepy | orthographic principle | orthography | ostensive definition | Oxford comma | Oxford English Dictionary | oxymoron | palaeography | palate | palate | palette | palindrome | Palsgrave, John | Panini | parachesis | paradigm | paragoge | paralanguage | paralexia | paralinguistics | paralipsis | parallelism | paraph | paraphasia | paraphrasia | paraphrasis | paraprosdokian | parataxis | parelcon (etymology) | parelcon (rhetoric) | parentheses () | parimion | paroemion | parole | paromoiosis | paronomasia | paronyms | parse | pars pro toto | participial adjective | participial clause | participial phrase | participle | participle clause | particle | partitive | partitive article | parts of speech | passive progressive voice | passive voice | past continuous | past future | past participle | past perfect | past perfect continuous | past perfect progressive | past progressive | past simple | past tense | pathos | patois | patronymic | pejoration | penultimate | ultimate | perfective aspect | perfect participle | performance mistake | performative verb | period (.) | periphrasis | periphrasis (linguistics) | periphrast | perquisite | prerequisite | person | personal pronoun | perspicuous | perspicacious | petitio principii | pharynx | phatic communion | philology | phone | phoneme | phonesthemes | phonesthesia | phonetics | phonogram | phonology | phrasal adverb | phrasal indefinite pronoun | phrasal verb | phrase | pictogram | pictograph | pidgin | PIE | pilcrow () | Pinker, Steven | Pinyin | pitch | Pitman, Isaac | place adverb | pleonasm | pleonastic genitive | pleonastic pronoun | ploce | plosive | pluperfect | plural | plurale tantum | pluralis auctoris | pluralis maiestatis | pluralis modestiae | plural of majesty | pointed u | pointing | point-virgule (;) | pojmanym | Politics and the English Language | polyepic | polygenesis | polyptote | polyptoton | polyseme | polysemous | polysemy | polysyndetic coordination | polysyndeton | portmanteau morph | portmanteau word | positive | possessive | possessive adjective | possessive apostrophe (') | possessive case | possessive pronoun | postfix | post genitive | postmodifier | postposition | postpositive preposition | potential mood | practice | practise | pragmatic particle | pragmatics | predicate | predicate nominative | predicate objective | predicative | predicative adjective | prefix | premiss | premise | premodifier | prep "it" | preposition | prepositional phrase | prepositional verb | preposition stranding | prescriptivism | present continuous | present participle | present perfect | present perfect continuous | present perfect progressive | present progressive | present simple | present tense | preterite | preventive | preventative | principal | principle | principal verb | Principles of Newspeak | Priscian | privative | privative alpha | privative case | privy nippe | Probus, Marcus Valerius | proclitic | pro-drop language | pro drop parameter | productivity | pro-form | progressive aspect | progressive future | progressive future perfect | progressive participle | progressive past | progressive past perfect | progressive present | progressive present perfect | prolepsis | pronominal adjective | pronoun | prop "it" | proper adjective | proper name | proper noun | proprietary name | proprietary term | proslepsis | prosody | prosopopeia | prosthesis | Protagoras | protasis | prothesis | Proto-Germanic | protogram | Proto-Indo-European | Proto Language | protologism | proximal demonstrative | proximity concord | pseudo-acronym | punctuation | punctuation mark | punctum | punctus | punctus interrogativus | punctus percontativus | Pupillus, Orbilius | pure infinitive | quantifier | quasi-auxiliary verb | Queen's English | question mark (?) | question tag | Quintilian | quotation dash (-) | quotation marks (' ')(" ") | quotation quadrats (' ')(" ") | Rask, Rasmus | rational gender | r-dropping | realis moods | rebracketing | Received Pronunciation | recipient noun | reciprocal pronoun | recursive acronym | redundant verb | reduplication | Reed-Kellogg diagrams | refactorization | referent | reflexive pronoun | reflexive verb | register | regretful | regrettable | regular verb | reinforcement tag | relative clause | relative pronoun | relativizer | Renaissance English | restrictive clause | resultant object | resultative adjective | retained object | retronym | reversed wh-cleft | reverse solidus (\) | rhetoral elocution | rhetoric | rhetorical device | rhetorical question | rhetorical question mark | rhopalic | rhotacism | rhotacism (etymology) | rhotic speech | rhyming slang | Richards, I. A. | Robert Cawdrey | Roget, Peter | root | Rosetta Project | royal "we" | RP | rune | run-on sentence | Safire, William | sans-serif | Sapir, Edward | Sapir-Whorf hypothesis | sarcasm | Saussure, Ferdinand de | Saxon genitive | Saxonism | Scandinavian | scheme | Schlegel, Friedrich | schwa | Scoticism | Scots | Scottish | Scottism | Scouse | scratch comma (/) | script | secondary object | section (§) | semantics | semaphore | semasiology | sememe | semicolon (;) | semiotics | semiphonotypy | Semi-Saxon | sentence | sentence adverb | sentence element | separatrix (|) | serial comma | serif | sesquipedalian | s-genitive | shall | will | shear | sheer | shibboleth | shorthand | short passive | short vowel | Siamese twins | sibilant | sideroxylon | sigmatism | sign | sign (Saussure) | signifier | SIL International Ethnologue | simile | Simon, John | simple adverb | simple future | simple past | simple present | simple sentence | simple tense | simple verb | singular | singular "they" | singulare tantum | slang | sniglet | sociolect | soft hyphen (-) | soft palate | solecism | solidus (/) | soraismus | speaking in tongues | speech | spelling numbers | spliced idiom | split infinitive | split modifier | Spooner, William | spoonerism | spot-plague | Sprachraum | square brackets ([ ]) | squinting modifier | stationary | stationery | stative passive | stative verb | stem | stenography | stress | strong verb | Strunk, William Jr. | StudlyCaps | stylistics | subject | subject complement | subjective pronoun | subjunctive mood | subordinate clause | subordinate conjunction | subordinate future | subordinating conjunction | subordinating connective | subordination | subordinator | subreption | substantive | substantive adjective | substantive participle | such as | suffix | superlative | superlative of two | superordinate | supine | suppletion | suspended compound adjective | suspended hyphen (-) | suspension point (…) | suspension sign | SVO language | swung dash (~) | syllabary | syllabification | syllable | syllable word | syllepsis | synaeresis | synaesthesia (literary) | synaesthesia (medical) | synaloepha | synchysis | syncopation | syncope | syndetic coordination | synecdoche | synonym | synonymia | synonymy | synopsis | syntactic expletive | syntax | synthetic language | systole | systrophe | Table Alphabeticall | tachygraphy | tag | tag question | tail question | tapinosis | tautology | tayl'd i | technobabble | technospeak | teleological modality | tense | terminology | tetrakis legomenon | text messaging | the indefinite vowel | The King's English | The New World of Words | theophoric | theronym | thesaurus | the substantive verb | thetatismus | Thrax, Dionysius | tilde (~) | time adverb | titillate | titivate | tittle | tmesis | to-infinitive | tone | tone language | toneme | toponomastics | toponym | toponymy | tortuous | torturous | totum pro parte | traditional grammar | transferred epithet | transitive verb | transliterate | Trench, Richard | tricolon | Tripartite motto | triphthong | triplets | tris legomenon | trope | Truss, Lynn | tuism | turbid | turgid | tushery | typeface | umlaut(¨) | uncial | uncountable noun | unexceptionable | unexceptional | unicameral alphabet | univocalic | unreal past | upspeak | Urheimat | Ursprache | uvula | uvular r | uvular trill | vague word | valency | Varro | velopharyngeal insufficiency | venal | venial | verb | verbal | verbicide | verbigeration | verbless clause | vernacular | virgule (/) | vocabulary | vocal cords | vocal folds | vocalic | vocative case | vogue word | voice (phonology) | voice (verb form) | voice onset time | VOT | vowel | vowel gradation | vowel shift | VPI | VSO language | vulgarism | Vulgar Latin | Wallis, John | Wanderwort | Wardour Street English | weak verb | weasel word | weather "it" | Webster, Noah | well-formed | Wernicke's aphasia | West Germanic | West Saxon | wh-cleft | Whewell, William | Who did this and why | Whorf, Benjamin | Witzelsucht | word blindness | word-class | wordmark | word vision | writer's cramp | xenoglossia | xenoglossy | Yaska | Young, Thomas | Zamenhof, Ludvic | zero | zero article | zero conditional | zero copula | zero derivation | zeugma | Zipf's law
(E?)(L?) http://www.odlt.org/
People
Aristophanes of Byzantium | Bailey, Nathan | Bickerton, Derek | Bloomfield, Leonard | Blount, Thomas | Boas, Franz | Bopp, Franz | Boxhorn, Marcus van | Bullokar, William | Caesar, Julius | Caxton, William | Charisius, Flavius Sosipater | Chomsky, Noam | Ciardi, John | Coleridge, Herbert | Crystal, David | Daniels, Peter T. | Donatus | Dyscolus, Apollonius | Edwards, Jonathan | Elyot, Thomas | Follett, Wilson | Fowler, Henry Watson | Furnivall, Frederick | Gowers, Ernest | Grammaticus, Diomedes | Grimm, Jacob | Harper, Douglas | Horace | Humboldt, Wilhelm von | Ibn Abi Ishaq | Jespersen, Otto | Johnson, Samuel | Jones, William | Kussmaul, Adolph | Lowth, Robert | Manutius, Aldus (the Elder) | Manutius, Aldus (the Younger) | Montfaucon, Bernard de | Murray, James | Ogden, C.K. | Palsgrave, John | Panini | Pinker, Steven | Pitman, Isaac | Priscian | Probus, Marcus Valerius | Protagoras | Pupillus, Orbilius | Quintilian | Rask, Rasmus | Richards, I. A. | Roget, Peter | Safire, William | Sapir, Edward | Saussure, Ferdinand de | Schlegel, Friedrich | Simon, John | Spooner, William | Strunk, William Jr. | Thrax, Dionysius | Trench, Richard | Truss, Lynn | Varro | Wallis, John | Webster, Noah | Whewell, William | Whorf, Benjamin | Yaska | Young, Thomas | Zamenhof, Ludvic
Erstellt: 2010-04
P
Paronomasia, Paronomasie (W3)
(E2)(L1) http://rhetoric.byu.edu/Figures/P/paronomasia.htm
(E?)(L?) http://wordcraft.infopop.cc/Archives/2002-8-Aug.htm
(E?)(L?) http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsParonomasia.htm
(E?)(L?) http://www.uni-erfurt.de/sprachwissenschaft/proxy.php?file=lido/servlet/Lido_Servlet
(E?)(L?) http://eir.library.utoronto.ca/rpo/display_rpo/terminology.cfm#paronomasia
(E1)(L1) http://www.wordsmith.org/awad/archives/0301
(E?)(L?) http://www.wordsmith.org/awad/archives/1196
"Paronomasia" (syllepsis) is the use of words that sound similar to other words, but have different meanings.
("plain", "plane", "explained")
"Paronomasie, lat. "paronomasia", griech. "paronomasía" ist die Zusammenstellung gleichlautender Wörter.
"Paronomasia", dt. "Paronomasie" setzt sich zusammen aus griech "para" = "daneben", "längsseits" und "onomos" = "Name"; zusammen also "Nebenname".
Q
R
Remember B.F.Skinner (W3)
Noam Chomsky hatte das Werk "Verbal Behaviour" von B.F.Skinner kritisch besprochen. Seit 1959 wurde in entsprechenden Kreisen der Ausspruch "Remember B.F.Skinner" zur gefürchteten Floskel.
S
sil
Glossary of linguistic terms
(E?)(L?) http://www.sil.org/linguistics/
(E?)(L?) http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/
- Glossary (Linguistics): A
- abessive case | ablative case | absolute adjective | absolute social deixis | absolute tense | absolute-relative tense | absolutive case | abstract noun | accompaniment as a semantic role | account | accusative case | acoustic phonetics | active voice | actual implicature | actual presupposition | additive relation | addressee | addressee honorific | adjacency pair | adjective | adjunct | adposition | adpositional phrase | advanced tongue root | adverb (Linguistics) | adverb (Grammar) | adverbial clause | adverbializer | affix (Linguistics) | affix (Grammar) | affixation | agent as a semantic role | agglutinative language | agreement | alethic modality | alienable noun | allative case | allegory | allomorph | allophone | alternative question | alternative relation | ambiguous consonant sequence | ambiguous phonetic transition | ambiguous segment | ambiguous sequence | ambiguous vowel sequence | the Americanist system | amplification relation | analytic definition | anaphora | anaphoric clitic | anchored entity | animate class | antanaclasis | antecedent | anthimeria | anthology | anticipatory illocution | antipassive voice | antithesis relation | antonomasia | apostrophe | apposition | article | articulation process | ascertainment relation | aspect | assertive illocutionary point | assumptive mood | attraction schema | attributable silence | attribution relation | audience | auditory evidential | authorized recipient | authorized speaker | autosegmental phonology | auxesis | auxiliary verb
- Glossary (Linguistics): B
- a background relation | balance schema | beginning-postspan relation | benefactive case | beneficiary as a semantic role | biconditional relation | blockage schema | blocking circumstance | bound morpheme | bound root | bound stem | bounded deixis | boundedness | brand-new entity | breathy vowel | bystander | bystander honorific
- Glossary (Linguistics): C
- a cardinal numeral | case | cataphora | causal relation | causative | causative case | causer as a semantic role | center-periphery schema | centrifugal | centripetal | cessative aspect | chain of illocutionary commitments | circular definition | circumfix | circumfixation | classifier | clausal implicature | clause | clause chain | cleft sentence | clitic (Grammar) | close future tense | closed class | coding time | collateral information | collective noun | collocate | comitative case | command | comment | commissive illocutionary point | commissive modality | commitment between illocutionary acts | common noun | complement | complement clause | complementary distribution | complementizer | complex illocutionary act | complex sentence | compound | compound discourse | compound predicate | compound sentence | compulsion schema | conceptual extendedness | concession relation | concrete noun | conditional relation | conjunction | conjunctive adverb | conjunctive illocutionary act | conjunctive verb | connective | consonant | consonant modification | constituent | construction | container metaphor | containment schema | the context of an expression | continuant | continuer | continuous aspect | contoid | contraction relation | contrast in analogous environments | contrast in identical environments | contrast relation | contrastive analysis | conventional implicature | conventional metaphor | conventional metonymy | conversation analysis | conversational implicature | conversational maxim | the cooperative principle | coordinate clause | coordinating conjunction | copula | core argument | coreference | correction relation | correlative conjunction | count noun | counteragent as a semantic role | counterfactual conditional relation | counterforce schema | cycle schema
- Glossary (Linguistics): D
- dative as a semantic role | dative case | declarative illocutionary point | declarative mood | deductive mood | defective illocutionary act | defective verb | definite concessive relation | definite identifiability | definiteness | definition | deictic center | deictic expression | deixis | delative case | delay | deliberative mood | demonstrative | deontic modality | the dependent of a phrase | derivation | derivational affix | derivative | description relation | descriptive text | determiner | development lexical relation | dialogue discourse | different subject marker | diphthong | direct illocution | direct object | direct speech | directive illocutionary point | directive modality | discontinuous constituents | discontinuous morpheme | discourse | discourse deixis | discourse schema | dismissive relation | dispreferred second part | distal | distributive aspect | distributive numeral | ditransitivity | diversion schema | double stop | downgrade | dual number | dubitative mood | dummy word
- Glossary (Linguistics): E
- an echo question | elaboration relation | elative case | elementary illocutionary act | elicitation | elicitation frame | elision | elliptical construction | embedded repair | empathetic deixis | emphasis marker | emphatic additive relation | emphatic alternative relation | emphatic pronoun | enablement relation | enablement schema | enclitic | endocentric construction | end-of-path schema | endophora | entity metaphor | environment | epistemic modality | epistemic qualification | equative case | equative clause | equilibrium schema | equivalent | ergative case | essive case | etymology | euphemism | evaluation information | evaluation relation | event | evidence relation | evidentiality | evoked entity | exclamation | exclamative | exclusive alternative relation | exclusive first person deixis | exemplification relation | existential clause | existential marker | exocentric construction | exophora | experiencer as a semantic role | experiential perfect aspect | exposed repair | expository discourse | expository text | expressive illocutionary point | extendedness | extension | external relation | external relative clause | extraposition
- Glossary (Linguistics): F
- factitive as a semantic role | failure of fit | familiarity | feminine gender | field distinction | field notebook | figurative sense | final clause | finite clause | finite verb | first part | first person deixis | fit | fixed collocation | fixed lexical collocation | flouting implicature | focus | force as a semantic role | force schema | formal language | formality | fortis consonant | fossilized term | free morpheme | free translation | free variation | function word | fusional language | future perfect tense | future tense | future-in-future tense | future-in-past tense | future-perfect-in-past tense
- Glossary (Linguistics): G
- a gap | grammatical gender | generalized implicature | generative phonology | generic term | generic-specific lexical relation | genitive case | genre | gestural usage | given information | given versus new information | gloss | glottal stop | the glottis | goal as a semantic role | grammatical category | grammatical relation | grammatical tone | grounding
- Glossary (Linguistics): H
- habitual aspect | head | the head of a phrase | headword | hedged performative | hesitation pause | hesternal past tense | hierarchical lexical relation | hodiernal future tense | hodiernal past tense | homograph | homophone | homophora | honorific | horizontal deixis | hortatory discourse | hortatory text | host | human class | hyperbole | hypothetical mood
- Glossary (Linguistics): I
- identity of illocutionary forces | ideophone | idiom | illative case | illocutionary act | illocutionary conditional | illocutionary connective | illocutionary consistency | illocutionary denegation | illocutionary force | illocutionary force indicating device | illocutionary inconsistency | illocutionary point | illocutionary verb | illustrative sentence | image schema | immediacy | immediate constituent | immediate imperative mood | immediate past tense | imperative mood | imperfective aspect | impermissible mixed metaphors | impersonal verb | implicational scale | implicature | imprecative mood | inalienable noun | inanimate class | inclusive alternative relation | inclusive first person deixis | indefinite concessive relation | indefinite pronoun | indefiniteness | indirect illocution | indirect object | indirect speech | individual-group lexical relation | inessive case | inferable entity | inferior status | infield distinction | infinitive | infix | infixation | inflection | inflectional affix | inflectional category | informal language | the informativeness principle | initiative time latency | insertion sequence | instrument as a semantic role | instrumental case | intended perlocutionary effect | intensifier | interjection | internal relation | internal relative clause | interpretation relation | interpropositional relation | interrogative mood | interrogative pro-form | intimate social deixis | intonation | intransitivity | irony | irrealis modality | irregular verb | isolating language | iterative aspect
- Glossary (Linguistics): J
- judgment modality | jussive mood | justification relation
- Glossary (Linguistics): K
- kinetic distinction
- Glossary (Linguistics): L
- labialization | language associate | lapse | lative case | length | lenis consonant | lexeme | lexical category | lexical database | lexical form | lexical phonology | lexical relation | lexical relation elicitation frame | lexical relation set | lexical relation with a scale structure | lexical relation with a set of pairs structure | lexical relation with a simple set structure | lexical relation with a tree structure | lexical tone | lexical unit | lexical verb | lexicon | link schema | literal meaning in a lexical database | literal translation | litotes | locative as a semantic role | locative case | logical relation
- Glossary (Linguistics): M
- a main clause | major entry in a lexical database | manner as a semantic role | manner implicature | manner of articulation | manner of discourse | marker | marking clause | masculine gender | mass noun | matrix | matrix sentence | meaning | meaning and pragmatic function | means-purpose relation | means-result relation | measure as a semantic role | medial clause | mediopassive voice | meiosis | metaphor | metaphorical entailment | metonymy | metrical phonology | middle voice | minimal pair | minor entry in a lexical database | misplacement marker | mixed metaphors | mode of achievement | moderate epistemic qualification | modification | modifier | mood and modality | morph | morpheme | morpheme type | morphological process | morphological typology | morphology | morphophonemic rule | morphophonemics | morphosyntactic operation | motivation relation | move | multiplicative numeral
- Glossary (Linguistics): N
- a narrative discourse | narrative text | nasalization | nasalized vowel | natural class | necessity | negation | negative conditional relation | negative purpose relation | neuter gender | new information | new metaphor | newsmark | next turn repair initiator | nominal | nominal clause | nominalization | nominative case | nonconventional implicature | nonconversational implicature | nondefective illocutionary act | nonextendedness | nonfinite clause | nonfinite verb | nonfuture tense | nonpast tense | nonrecent past tense | nonremote past tense | nonrestrictive relative clause | nonspecificity | nonvisual evidential | notional | not-yet tense | noun | noun adjunct | noun class | noun phrase | nuclear syllable | number | numeral
- Glossary (Linguistics): O
- an object | object complement | obligative mood | oblique object | obliterative overlap | obviative person deixis | offprint | oh-receipt | onomatopoeia | onset | ontological metaphor | open class | open presupposed proposition | opposite lexical relation | optative mood | ordinal numeral | orientational metaphor | other-initiated repair | other-repair | out-of-field distinction | overall organization | overlap | oxymoron
- Glossary (Linguistics): P
- a phonological derivation | parable | paradigm | paradigmatic lexical relation | paradox | paralipsis | parataxis | parenthesis relation | paronomasia | participant role | participle | particle | particularized implicature | partitive case | partitive numeral | part-whole schema | passing turn | passive voice | past perfect tense | past tense | path | path schema | patient as a semantic role | perfect | perfect of persistent situation | perfect of recent past | perfect of result | perfective aspect | performative | performative verb | perlocutionary act | perlocutionary failure | perlocutionary verb | permissible mixed metaphors | permissive mood | person deixis | personal pronoun | personification | pesky little particle | phone | phoneme | phonetically similar segment | phonetics | phonological hierarchy | phonological symmetry | phonological universal | phonology | phrasal verb | phrase | pitch | place deixis | place of articulation | plural number | polarity | politeness | polysynthetic language | portmanteau morph | position | possessive noun | possessive pronoun | possibility | post-hodiernal future tense | postposition | postpositional phrase | post-sequence | potential implicature | potential presupposition | pragmatics | preannouncement | prearrangement | the precategorial class | precative mood | preclosing | predicate | predicate adjective | predicate noun | predicator | predictable information | predictive future tense | preface | preferred second part | prefix | prefixation | prehesternal past tense | prehodiernal past tense | preinvitation | prenasalization | preparatory condition | preposition | prepositional phrase | prerequest | present tense | presequence | prespan-end relation | presupposition | presupposition denial | presupposition suspension | presupposition trigger | preterit | previousness relation | primary sense | pro-adjective | pro-adverb | procedural discourse | procedural text | proclitic | productive affix | pro-form | progressive aspect | prohibitive mood | prolative case | pronominal | pronoun | proper noun | proportional relation | proposition | propositional act | propositional content condition | prospective | prototype | pro-verb | proximal | proximal-distal dimension | proximate person deixis | pseudo-cleft sentence | pun
- Glossary (Linguistics): Q
- a quality implicature | quantifier | quantity implicature | question | quotative evidential
- Glossary (Linguistics): R
- range as a semantic role | range of reference | rank | rank lexical relation | ratified participant | realis modality | reason-result relation | receiving time | recent past tense | reciprocal pronoun | reduplication | reference | reference clause | reference grammar | referent | referent honorific | the referential realm | reflexive pronoun | reflexive verb | reformulation | rejection finalizer | relational proposition | relational social deixis | relative adverb | relative clause | relative future tense | relative nonfuture tense | relative nonpast tense | relative past tense | relative present tense | relative pronoun | relative tense | relativizer | relator | relevance implicature | remote future tense | remote past tense | repair | repartee discourse | restatement relation | restraint removal schema | restrictive relative clause | result | reverential form | rhetorical question | rhotacized vowel | rime | root
- Glossary (Linguistics): S
- salient information | same subject marker | scalar implicature | scalar property lexical relation | scale schema | second part | second person deixis | secondary articulation | secondary sense | segment | self-initiated repair | self-repair | semantic component | semantic role | semantics | sense | sense group | sense type | sensory evidential | sentence | sentence adverb | sentence elicitation frame | sentential complementation | separable affix | sequence | sequential relation | serial verb construction | setting information | silence | similar pair | similarity relation | simile | simple sentence | simulfix | simultaneous relation | sincerity condition | singular number | singulative | situational elicitation frame | situationally evoked entity | social deixis | solidarity | solutionhood relation | the sonority scale | source as a participant role | source as a semantic role | source domain | speaker | specialized figurative text | specification relation | specificity | speculative mood | speech act | standard implicature | the state of the glottis | statement | stative verb | status | stem | stem modification | still tense | stop | strength of illocutionary point | strength of sincerity conditions | stress | strong epistemic qualification | structural metaphor | subentry in a lexical database | subject | subject complement | subjunctive mood | subordinate clause | subordinating conjunction | substance metaphor | substantive | subtraction | success of fit | suffix | suffixation | summary relation | summons-answer sequence | superessive case | superior status | supplemental information in a definition | suppletion | suprafix | suprasegmental | switch reference | switching pause | syllabic consonant | syllabification | syllable | syllepsis | symbolic usage | synecdoche | synonym lexical relation | syntactic category | syntactic function | syntagmatic lexical relation
- Glossary (Linguistics): T
- a tag question | tag statement | target | target domain | temporal relation | tense | text | text genre | textually evoked entity | theme | thesaurus category | third person deixis | third turn repair | time as a semantic role | time deixis | token-reflexive deixis | tone | topic | transcription | transitive verb | transitivity | translational equivalence | translative case | transverse | trial number | trope | try-marker | turn | turn location | twin-pan balance schema
- Glossary (Linguistics): U
- an ultimate constituent | unbound root | unbound stem | unbounded deixis | universal | unproductive affix | unratified participant | unused entity | upgrade | usage type | utterance | utterance act
- Glossary (Linguistics): V
- valency | verb (Linguistics) | verb phrase | verbal adjective | verbal noun | verbal particle | vertical deixis | verticality schema | visual evidential | vocative case | vocoid | voice | voiceless vowel | volitive modality | vowel | vowel harmony | vowel modification
- Glossary (Linguistics): W
- a weak epistemic qualification | whole presupposed proposition | whole-part lexical relation | wh-question | writing and style manuals
- Glossary (Linguistics): Y
- a yes-no question
- Glossary (Linguistics): Z
- a zero | zero affix | zero anaphora | zero morph
- Glossary (Linguistics): Related terms
- Comparison and contrast of wordform, word, morpheme, and syllable | Comparison of inflection and derivation | Comparison of morpheme-morph-allomorph and phoneme-phone-allophone | Comparison of semantic role and grammatical relation | Comparison of various syntactic, grammatical and semantic classes, relations, categories
Syllepsis, Syllepse, syllepsis semantica, syllepsis syntactica (W3)
(E2)(L1) http://rhetoric.byu.edu/Figures/S/syllepsis.htm
(E?)(L?) http://wordcraft.infopop.cc/Archives/2002-8-Aug.htm
(E?)(L?) http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAPun.htm
(E?)(L?) http://www.uni-erfurt.de/sprachwissenschaft/proxy.php?file=lido/servlet/Lido_Servlet
(E1)(L1) http://www.wordsmith.org/awad/archives/0999
syllepsis Sep 99
"Syllepsis" is use of a single word so that it ties to two (or more) other words of the sentence, but has a different meaning for each of them.
(There is a certain type of woman who'd rather "press grapes" than "clothes".)
"Syllepsis" oder "Syllepse", lat. "syllepsis", griech. "sýllepsis" = "Zusammennehmen".
Eine "Syllepse" ist eine Ellipse, bei der ein Satzteil anderen in Person, Numerus oder Genus verschiedenen Satzteilen zugeordnet wird (z.B. ich gehe meinen Weg, ihr den eurigen).
"Syllepsis", dt. "Syllepse" setzt sich zusammen aus griech. "syn" = "zusammen" und "lepsis" = "nehmen".
syr - Linguistics-Sites for Students - Mary D. Taffet
(E?)(L?) http://web.syr.edu/~mdtaffet/student_sites.html
General Resources | Classification | Dialects | Dictionaries | Ebonics | Endangered Languages (new category) | English Language Legislation | FAQs | Glossaries | Language Catalogs and Guides | Phrase Collections | Specific Languages | Writing Systems
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translationdirectory - Linguists Of The Year
(E?)(L?) http://www.translationdirectory.com/article318.htm
The Inttranet ™ nominees as Linguists of the Year for 2004 were:
- Ahmed Al Alhabi
- Betty Cohen
- David Crystal
- Dr. Ehab Abdelrahim M. Ali
- Erich Jarvis
- Eva Aariak
- Imam Abdul-Munim Younis
- John Peabody Harrington
- Kim Sun-il
- Mohammed al-Joundi
- Natalia Dymytryk
- Noam Chomsky
- Sibel Edmonds
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Uni Laval - Histoire sociolinguistique des États-Unis
(E2)(L1) http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/amnord/usa_6histoire.htm
Cette «Histoire sociolinguistique des États-Unis» se veut avant tout d'ordre démolinguistique et sociologique plutôt que politique. Elle ne prétend donc pas résumer toute l'histoire politique et économique fort complexe de ce grand pays. Il a semblé préférable de nous en tenir aux principaux faits qui ont eu des incidences sur les plans linguistique et social: la provenance des premiers colons, l'expansion territoriale, certains grands événements politiques et sociaux tels la Révolution américaine, l'avènement de l'industrialisation et de la diversité culturelle, la mondialisation et le statut de superpuissance.
Plan d'ensemble
1) Les premiers habitants : les autochtones
- - L'hypothèse des origines
- - Les peuples autochtones
- - Les langues des peuples autochtones
2) La colonisation européenne (XVIe - XVIIIe siècles)
- - La colonisation espagnole
- - La colonisation française
- - La colonisation anglaise
- - La colonisation hollandaise
- - La langue anglaise et son adaptation en Amérique
- - Le problème indien
- - L'importation des esclaves
3) La révolution américaine (1776-1783)
- - Le renforcement du pouvoir britannique (1763-1776)
- - La révolution américaine (1776-1783)
- - La Constitution américaine de 1787 et la question linguistique
4) L'expansion territoriale (1803-1867)
- - L'achat de la Louisiane
- - La conquête du Nord-Ouest
- - La Floride
- - La conquête du Sud-Ouest
- - L'achat de l'Alaska
- - L'éviction des Indiens
- - Les conséquences linguistiques de l'expansionnisme
5) L'Amérique anglocentrique (1790-1865)
- - La supériorité de la race blanche anglo-saxonne
- - Les exclus: les Noirs, les Indiens et les Chicanos
- - La campagne abolitionniste
- - La guerre de Sécession (1861-1865)
- - La défaite du Sud et la discrimination raciale
6) L'Amérique eurocentrique (1865-1960)
- - Le «melting pot»
- - L'expansion économique et démographique
- - La politique impérialiste
- - Le New Deal
7) L'Amérique multiculturelle (1960 jusqu'à nos jours)
- - L'immigration et les minorités
- - La politique de déségrégation
- - Les lois sur l'éducation bilingue
- - Les droits linguistiques des Amérindiens
- - Les réformes en éducation
- - La diversité culturelle
- - Les attitudes des Américains face à l'immigration
8 ) La superpuissance et l'expansion de l'anglais
- - La planète comme excroissance des États-Unis
- - Les critères de la superpuissance
- - Le XXIe siècle sera-t-il anglo-américain?
Les États-Unis d'Amérique
- (1) Les États-Unis d'Amérique: situation générale
- (2) La politique linguistique fédérale
- (3) Les États américains: présentation générale
- (4) Liste des États disponibles (5) Bibliographie
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word sense disambiguation (W3)
(E?)(L?) http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Word%20sense%20disambiguation
In computational linguistics, "word sense disambiguation" (WSD) is the problem of determining in which sense a word having a number of distinct senses is used in a given sentence. For example, consider the word "bass", two distinct senses of which are:
- a type of fish
- tones of low frequency
and the sentences "The bass part of the song is very moving" and "I went fishing for some sea bass". To a human it is obvious the first sentence is using the word "bass" in sense 2 above, and in the second sentence it is being used in sense 1. But although this seems obvious to a human, developing algorithms to replicate this human ability is a difficult task.
Computational Linguistics is a subfield of Linguistics in which logical modeling of natural language from a computational perspective is central. This modeling is not limited to a particular field of linguistics. It is quite an interdisciplinary field, drawing the involvement of linguists, computer scientists, experts in artificial intelligence, cognitive psychologists and logicians, amongst others.
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wordways - Word Ways: The Journal of Recreational Linguistics
(E?)(L1) http://www.wordways.com/
For nearly forty years, Word Ways has explored the many facets of logology (an old word resurrected by the late Dmitri Borgmann to describe recreational linguistics). Dmitri wrote the classic book on this topic -- Language on Vacation (Scribner's, 1965), now out of print -- and was the first Word Ways editor in 1968.
Word Ways is published in an 80-page format four times a year (February, May, August, November). The journal is currently edited by Jeremiah Farrell.
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Zipf'sches Gesetz (W2)
(E3)(L1) http://soziologie.uni-duisburg.de/forschung/DuBei_0405.pdf
Untersuchungen zu demographischen Gleichgewichtsverteilungen nach dem Zipfschen Gesetz von Wolfgang und Joachim Gerß
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Zu den Modellen, die besondere Aufmerksamkeit erregten, gehört das sog. "Zipfsche Gesetz". Dr. "George Kingsley Zipf" war Professor für Linguistik an der Harvard University in Cambridge/Mass. ... im Jahr 1949 erschienenen Hauptwerk ... In diesem auf einigen früheren Arbeiten aufbauenden 573 Seiten starken Band stellte Zipf umfassend und detailliert sein – von ihm selbst nicht so bezeichnetes – "Gesetz" und dessen vielfältige Anwendungsmöglichkeiten dar. Er ging dabei von quantitativen Untersuchungen der Struktur von Sprachen aus – Zipf wird daher als "Vater der statistischen Linguistik" (Alexejew, Kalinin und Piotrowski 1973, S.10) angesehen – und verallgemeinerte seine Aussagen dann auf biologische, soziologische und ökonomische Fragestellungen.
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In der Linguistik – Zipfs eigenem Forschungsgebiet – treten alle Elemente seines Gesetzes besonders deutlich in Erscheinung. Die Entstehung und Fortentwicklung der Sprache war in der Frühzeit des homo sapiens (oder bereits seiner Vorfahren) mit außerordentlich großem geistigen Input verbunden; dasselbe gilt für das Sprechenlernen eines Kleinkindes. Daher ist es nahe liegend, der Sprachbildung das Prinzip der geringsten Anstrengung zugrunde zu legen.
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Außerhalb der Linguistik hat das Zipfsche Gesetz am häufigsten zur Darstellung und Analyse der Verteilung der Bevölkerung eines Landes auf Siedlungen verschiedener Größe Anwendung gefunden.
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Linguistics
(E?)(L?) http://www.zompist.com/
Linguistics
- sci.lang FAQ Frequently asked questions about linguistics
- The numbers 1 to 10 in over 5000 languages.
- Deriving Proto-World with tools you probably have at home. And whether you should bother.
- How likely are chance resemblances between languages? - Quite likely, really. A statistical investigation.
- Proto-World and the Language Instinct Two dubious ideas that work dubiously together
- Hau to pranounse Inglish: The real rules of English spelling
- Writing English Chinese-style English spelling is such a pain-- why not use logograms instead?
- When do people learn languages? And how to make them learn yours
Language Construction
- The Language Construction Kit
- The Sound Change Applier: A program to apply a set of sound changes to a lexicon
- Hergé's Syldavian: a grammar
Particular Languages
- Amerindian words in English
- Arabic words in English
- English words from Chinese
- English words from India
- Hiragana flashcards: Gotta learn 'em all!
Bücher zur Kategorie:
Etymologie, Étymologie, Etymology
US Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika, les États-Unis d'Amérique, The United States of America (USA)
Linguistik, Linguistique, Linguistics
amazon - Linguistik, Linguistique, Linguistics
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Fellbaum, Christiane (ed.) - WordNet
(E?)(L?) http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/026206197X/etymologety01-20
(E?)(L?) http://www.amazon.de/exec/obidos/ASIN/026206197X/etymologety0f-21
(E?)(L?) http://www.amazon.fr/exec/obidos/ASIN/026206197X/etymologetymo-21
(E?)(L?) http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/026206197X/etymologety0d-21
(E?)(L?) http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/026206197X/etymologetymo-20
An Electrical Lexical Database
Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1998.
WordNet, a electronic lexical database, is considered to be the most important resource available to reseachers in computational linguistics, text analysis, and many related areas. Its design is inspired by late-1990s psycholinguistic and computational theories of human lexical memory. English nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs are organized into synonym sets, each representing one underlying lexical concept. Different relations link the synonym sets. The purpose of this volume is twofold. First, it discusses the design of the current version of WordNet and the theoretical motivations behind it. Second, it provides a survey of representative applications, including word sense identification, information retrieval, selectional preferences of verbs, and lexical chains.
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Hock, Hans Henrich / Joseph, Brian D. (Autoren)
Language History, Language Change, and Language Relationship
(E?)(L1) http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/3110218429/etymologety01-20
(E?)(L1) http://www.amazon.de/exec/obidos/ASIN/3110218429/etymologety0f-21
(E?)(L1) http://www.amazon.fr/exec/obidos/ASIN/3110218429/etymologetymo-21
(E?)(L1) http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/3110218429/etymologety0d-21
(E?)(L1) http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/3110218429/etymologetymo-20
(Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs [Tilsm])
Gebundene Ausgabe: 586 Seiten
Verlag: Gruyter; Auflage: 2 Revised (1. August 2009)
Sprache: Englisch
Kurzbeschreibung
Diese Einführung in die faszinierende Thematik von Sprachwandel und -verwandschaft betrachtet nicht allein den historischen Wandel von Sprachen, sondern zeigt zugleich, wie unser Verständnis von Sprachwandel es erlaubt, das Schicksal sowohl einzelner Worte als auch ganzer Sprachen in ihrer Geschichte nachzuzeichnen; wie sich erklären läßt, daß so verschiedene Sprachen wie Englisch, Deutsch, Latein oder auch Hindi und Bengali miteinander verwandt sind; oder ob es möglich ist, einen Nachweis für die Verwandtschaft aller Sprachen zu erbringen.
Das Buch richtet sich an Leser ohne linguistische Vorkenntnisse und enthält eine Vielzahl von veranschaulichenden Beispielen aus bekannten wie exotischen Sprachen.
Über den Autor
Hans Henrich Hock, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA; Brian D. Joseph, Ohio State University, USA.
(E?)(L?) http://www.degruyter.de/cont/fb/sk/detail.cfm?id=IS-9783110218428-2
Produktinfo
Why does language change? Why can we speak to and understand our parents but have trouble reading Shakespeare? Why is Chaucer's English of the fourteenth century so different from Modern English of the late twentieth century that the two are essentially different languages? Why are Americans and English 'one people divided by a common language'? And how can the language of Chaucer and Modern English - or Modern British and American English - still be called the same language? The present book provides answers to questions like these in a straightforward way, aimed at the non-specialist, with ample illustrations from both familiar and more exotic languages.
Most chapters in this new edition have been reworked, with some difficult passages removed, other passages thoroughly rewritten, and several new sections added, e.g. on language and race and on Indian writing systems. Further, the chapter notes and bibliography have all been updated.
The content is engaging, focusing on topics and issues that spark student interest. Its goals are broadly pedagogical and the level and presentation are appropriate for interested beginners with little or no background in linguistics. The language coverage for examples goes well beyond what is usual for books of this kind, with a considerable amount of data from various languages of India.
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Jacobson, I. Jacobson
Linguistics and Philosophy
(E?)(L?) http://www.springer.com/linguistics/semantics/journal/10988?cm_mmc=AD-_-FTA-_-HSS1929-_-0
Editor-in-Chief: Pauline I. Jacobson
ISSN: 0165-0157 (print version)
ISSN: 1573-0549 (electronic version)
Journal no. 10988
Springer Netherlands
Online version available
Description
Linguistics and Philosophy focuses on issues related to structure and meaning in natural language, as addressed in the philosophy of language, linguistic semantics, syntax and related disciplines, in particular the following areas:
- philosophical theories of meaning and truth, reference, description, entailment, presupposition, implicatures, context-dependence, and speech acts
- linguistic theories of semantic interpretation in relation to syntactic structure and prosody, of discourse structure, lexcial semantics and semantic change
- psycholinguistic theories of semantic interpretation and issues of the processing and acquisition of natural language, and the relation of semantic interpretation to other cognitive faculties
- mathematical and logical properties of natural language and general aspects of computational linguistics
- philosophical questions raised by linguistics as a science.
It publishes articles, replies, book reviews and review articles.
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Ruhlen, Merritt - The Origin of Language - Tracing the Evolution of the Mother Tongue
(E?)(L?) http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/0471159638/etymologety01-20
(E?)(L?) http://www.amazon.de/exec/obidos/ASIN/0471159638/etymologety0f-21
(E?)(L?) http://www.amazon.fr/exec/obidos/ASIN/0471159638/etymologetymo-21
(E?)(L?) http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/0471159638/etymologety0d-21
Sprache: Englisch
Taschenbuch - 256 Seiten - John Wiley & Sons
Erscheinungsdatum: August 1996
ISBN: 0471159638
Amazon.com
... Ruhlen's Origin of Language actually gets you involved in applying standard linguistic techniques to carefully chosen examples - by the end of the book, you will have constructed a family tree of the world's languages. And you needn't know any other than your mother tongue when you start, but you'll probably want to go out and learn several more languages by time you are done.
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